Common Themes in Orwell, Lessing, Nehru and Chamberlain’s Texts Essay

The texts by Orwell, Lessing, Nehru and Chamberlain each present clear arguments about colonialism, arguments that are delivered powerfully by the various techniques employed by each author. Taken collectively, the texts show that colonialism causes poverty and backwardness in the colonized country or countries, and that it brings about various pressures on the colonizer. In all these texts, the era of colonialism is depicted as a period wherein it is the colonizer that is the subject, acting on the colonized – an object that resists understanding and has a mind of its own. Shooting an Elephant† by George Orwell. The argument put forward in this short story is clear. In the beginning of the story, he already knows that â€Å"imperialism was an evil thing. † In the course of the story, however, this realization becomes more precise: â€Å"[W]hen the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom that he destroys†¦ For it is the condition of his rule that he shall spend his life in trying to impress the ‘natives,’ and so in every crisis he has got to do what the ‘natives’ expect of him. This argument is delivered quite consistently, culminating in Orwell’s act of actually shooting the elephant. The argument is delivered powerfully because the story is about an actual situation in which the argument is demonstrated in the concrete. â€Å"No Witchcraft for Sale† by Doris Lessing. The argument made by Lessing in this story is also clear. In the first parts, this argument was made: â€Å"No one can live in Africa†¦ ithout learning very soon that there is an ancient wisdom of leaf and soil and season – and, too, perhaps the most important of all, of the darker tracts of the human mind – which is the black man’s heritage. † In a succeeding paragraph, this argument was made: â€Å"[W]hile all of them knew t hat in the bush of Africa are waiting valuable drugs locked in bark, in simple-looking leaves, in roots, it was always impossible to ever get the truth about them from the natives themselves. The argument is made consistently. While Gideon did give some plant to the scientist, it is revealed in the end that â€Å"the truth† about the healing leaves was not communicated. The argument is delivered powerfully because we are shown a clear example of healing, and then we are shown a story of a Western scientist who failed to understand this healing. â€Å"The Noble Mansion of Free India† by Jawaharlal Nehru. The argument made in this speech is clear, consistently asserted throughout the speech. Nehru draws a portrait of a country that has suffered for such a long time, a country that has succeeded and got an opportunity to move out of that suffering, and a country that is eager to succeed in moving out of that suffering. He declares: â€Å"We rejoice in that freedom, even though clouds surround us, and many of our people are sorrow-stricken and difficult problems encompass us. But freedom brings responsibilities and burdens and we have to face them in the spirit of a free and disciplined people. † The argument is delivered powerfully because the speech is quite consistent on the points it makes. I Believe in a British Empire† by Joseph Chamberlain. The argument made in this speech is also clear, supported by minor arguments made by the author. Chamberlain argues his case by eliminating other options, choosing what best suits the interest of â€Å"a British Empire† he believes in: â€Å"I believe in a British Empire, in an Empire which, though it should be its first duty to cultivate friendship with all the nations of the world, should yet, even if alone, be self-sustaining and self-sufficient, able to maintain itself against the competition of all its rivals. And I do not believe in in a Little England which shall be separated from all those to whom it would in the natural course look for support and affection, a little England which would then be dependent absolutely on the mercy of those who envy its present prosperity†¦ † The argument is delivered powerfully because the speech consistently argued from the interest of the British Empire at that time. Common Theme or Sentiment About Colonialism. The works show a common theme or sentiment about colonialism. One gets the sense, specially from Orwell and Chamberlain, that colonialism imposes certain demands on the colonizers – Orwell spells out that from the colonized, Chamberlain, that from the competitors as well. It is clear from all the works that the colonizer always thinks in terms of its own interests, while the colonized is either something foreign that resists understanding, or is eager to achieve its own independence from the colonizer. Colonialism is shown to be a period wherein it is the colonizer that acts and it is the colonized that is the receiver of that action. In all the works, we are exposed to the backwardness and poverty in which the colonized live. We are given the impression that colonialism dehumanizes both the colonized and the colonizer. These dynamics of colonialism, especially as it relates to literature, is clearly discussed in Edward W. Said’s important work, Orientalism. Commentary. I think that the themes or sentiments shared by the authors, except Chamberlain perhaps, point to arguments that are on the whole true about colonialism. There are particular features of each text that are worth highlighting: I think that Orwell, while critical of colonialism, reinforces the notion of â€Å"White man’s burden† — that the colonizer has a very important mission for the improvement of the colonized. Lessing shows how the colonizer, acting from an understanding different from that of the colonized, becomes a disrespectful, predatory presence in the life of the colonized. Nehru is too nice towards the colonize in his speech, enumerating the social effects of colonialism yet refusing to blame these on the colonizer. Chamberlain acts out from the particular interests and perspective of the colonizer. In making this paper, I realized how important it is to view things from the perspectives of various texts – more significantly, how important it is to have a general understanding (of colonialism, in this case) that locates the particular perspectives. From such a general understanding, one can make sense of the various perspectives, as well as get a general idea of how colonialism was actually experienced by those who lived through it. I appreciated the guide question, having brought out the common theme and sentiment in these texts.

Evil Doers or Evil Genes

Antisocial personality disorder s a mental health condition In which a person has a long-term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others. This behavior Is often criminal. Like all personality disorders, antisocial personality disorder Is a deeply Ingrained and enduring behavior pattern, manifesting as an Inflexible response to a broad range of personal and social situations This behavior represents an extreme or significant deviation from the way In which the average Individual In a given culture relates to others.This behavior pattern tends to be stable. It may not cause sub]ectlve distress, but does cause problems In social performance. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder often are divorced, have alcohol/drug abuse, anxiety, depression, unemployment, homelessness, and criminal behavior. However, some Individuals with this disorder rise to high posltlons of power In society by becoming masters ot manipulation and deceit. In childhood, these i ndividuals usually have oppositional defiant disorder, towards parents and eachers which develops into conduct delinquency in adolescence.This delinquency takes the torm ot reckless thrill-seeking, physical violence towards people or animals, and law-breaking. Most adolescent delinquents grow out ot this behavior as they enter adulthood. However, those that increase their delinquent behavior as they enter adulthood have their diagnosis changed from conduct disorder to antisocial personality disorder. In adulthood, these individuals become more antagonistic. They show an exaggerated sense of self-importance, insensitivity towards the feelings and eeds of others, and callous exploitation of others.Their increased manipulativeness, callousness, deceitfulness, and hostility repeatedly puts them at odds with other people An individual diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder needs to meet the following criteria, Failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors as indicated by repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest. Deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others for personal profit or pleasure. Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead. Irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults.Reckless disregard for safety of self or others. Consistent Irresponsibility, as Indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations Lack of remorse, as Indicated by being Indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another. Three percent of the population, or about 8,100,000 individuals In the united states have antisocial personality disorder. The National comorbldlty survey, which used DSM-III-R criteria, found that 5. 8% of males and 1 . 29t of females showed evidence of a Ilfetlme risk for the disorder.Prevalence estimates wlthln cllnlcal settings have varied from 39t to 30%, depending on the predominant characteristics of the populations being sampled. About ot men and ot women in the population have this disorder. Although in later adulthood, the more outward and aggressive symptoms ot ASPD may diminish and the person remain, thereby affecting the individual's role in society as well as all those who come n contact with him/her. The disorder tends to occur more often in men than in women, and in people whose predominant role model had antisocial features.The incidence of antisocial personality is higher in people who have an antisocial biological parent, parents with histories of drug and/or alcohol abuse and who physically and/or emotionally abused the individual during childhood. Abandonment may have been an issue for the person with ASPD Antisocial personality disorder is probably caused by a combination of factors. Having any of these characteristics oes not necessarily mean that a person has antisocial personality disorder. Influences from the environment can impact the onse t of this disorder.A chaotic family life contributes to the development of this personality disorder, especially where there has been little supervision from parents or other adult role models. The disorder also may be more common where the community is not supportive or provides little reward for positive behavior. Genetic or biological factors. Researchers have found certain physiological responses that may occur more frequently in people ith antisocial personality disorder. For example, they have a comparatively flat response to stress. They seem to get less anxious than the average person.Some researchers have found changes in the volume of brain structures that mediate violent behavior. People with this kind of brain function may thus have more difficulty restraining their impulses, which may account for the tendency toward more aggressive behavior. Neurobiologists cannot say with certainty that these variations in brain structure are a cause of antisocial personality. The vari ations could easily be he result of life experiences that are more common in people with this personality disorder rather than a cause.The cause of this disorder is unknown however, genetics and environmental factors influence its development. I believe that personality makes each individual special and consists of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Personality is forged during childhood via the interplay of genetics and environmental factors. Problems with inherited genetics or the early environment, such as significant exposure to abuse and/or violence, make it more likely that a ersonality disorder such as ASPD will develop. Therefore, I believe in order to understand the cause of ASPD, both genetics and the environment need to be explored.Dr. Martha Stout, in her book, â€Å"The Sociopath Next Door,† explains that a genetic predisposition for sociopath may already present at birth for some people. Determinations regarding how this increased risk for ASPD become expressed c ome from an individual's life experiences. We are accustomed to think of sociopaths as violent criminals, but in The Sociopath Next Door, Harvard psychologist Martha Stout eveals that a shocking 4 percent of ordinary people†one in twenty-five†has an often undetected mental disorder, the chief symptom of which is that that person possesses no conscience.

Jails and Prisons Essay

Many people hear the words prison and or jail, and they believe that both are one in the same but in reality they are very much different. Jails are correctional facilities that house offenders before or after they are sentenced for their crimes committed. Those individuals that are confined in jails are: * Individuals pending arraignment and awaiting trial, conviction, or sentencing * Probation, parole, and bail bond violators and absconders (Seiter,2011 pg 71) There are many different other reasons jails house inmates. Jails are full service facilities that offer security, food service, medical care, and offender programs and are therefore different from lockups, which are commonly located in police stations and hold people only for a short period of time, usually no more than forty-eight hours. †(Seitter, 2011) Sheriff’s and local governments oversee the day to day operation of jails and there are different jails such as the regional jail which were created because th e basic operations of jails were becoming complicated for small counties and the need for funding to continue operations. There are about 3,600 jails in the United States. â€Å"The size of the jail population is a product of decisions made by various law enforcement entities that the jail serves, the courts, and other segments of the criminal justice system. The size of the jail population is also affected by local, state, and federal laws; crime rates; and public attitudes about crime. †(nicic. gov) The length of stay and those admitted to jails are quite different from prisons. There have been almost 9 to 11 admissions to jail and the average length of stay is 15 to twenty days. Sometimes a person stays longer if they are still fighting a case thus pushing out their court dates which extends their stay provided they cannot afford bail. â€Å"During 2003, 686,437 inmates were admitted to state and federal prisons, 656,320 inmates were released, and the average length of stay for released inmates was 36 months. The jail system booking and release procedures are on a constant whirlwind with bail bonds and so forth. There are different jails as well such as state jails and county jails. In state jails an inmate can spend no more than two years maximum. Prisons Prisons are run by state governments and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. There are only about 100 federal prisons, detention centers, and correctional institutions in the U. S. Prisons were created to house inmates that are serving a sentence of one year or more that are convicted of crimes. Prisons offer more to inmates such as work programs, Halfway houses and other educational programs that could possibly benefit the offender. These sorts of incentives are not offered in jails because inmates are usually serving shorter sentences. There are different facilities such as BOP operated prisons, long term contract facilities and jails/short term facilities. Many offenders in prison are set in place by their security levels. Some are deemed as low risk, medium risk or high risk offenders which determine where they are housed. The prison budget has been over exceeded with the operations and also building more prisons to prevent overcrowding. Corrections is the fifth-largest area of state spending after Medicaid, secondary education, higher education and transportation. State spending on prisons has swelled as the nation’s jail and prison population has climbed to 2. 3 million people, or about one in every 100 adults. But grim budget realities are forcing state lawmakers’ hand. †(pewtrusts. org) There is a difference in jails and prisons as well as how they are operated. Prisons house offenders that have been convicted of crimes whereas jails house those awaiting trial as well as those serving shorter sentences. Prisons and jails have come a long way and there will be more changes to come with the world’s crime rate as it is. References At Least 23 States Cut Funding for Prisons This Year, August 11, 2009 The Pew Charitable Trusts http://www. pewtrusts. org/our_work_report_detail. aspx? id=54481 Corrections: An Introduction; Richard P. Seiter 3rd edition 2011 Upper Saddle River New York Jail Resource Issues What Every Funding Authority Need to Know, Gary M. Bowker February 2002 http://static. nicic. gov/Library/017372. pdf

A Recurring Theme in the Letter of James is that of Doubleness' People Essay

A Recurring Theme in the Letter of James is that of Doubleness' People Say One Thing and Do Another - Essay Example In verse eleven, he stresses this point by saying that a fountain does not shed sweet and bitter water at the same since this is a powerful contradiction. Nor can a fig tree bear olive berries (McCartney, 2009, p.243). In (James 2:14-17), he stresses that faith without actions is death. For instance, if a brother is cold, ill-dressed and lacks food and you say to him ‘go well eat and keep warm, you have not actually helped him because you have not provided to him his actual needs. Thus, this is faith without actions and should not be seen among Christians. Just as the body without the spirit is dead, faith without works is also dead (James 2:26). James, therefore, earnestly and unconditionally discourages the act of double-mindedness among Christians. He encourages Christians to put what they say into actions or in other words that Christians should practice their actions (Batten, 2009, p.145). Circumstances and Background of the Letter Some Christian scholars claim that the le tter of James was authored by James the Just, who served Jesus Christ and the Lord as a slave. The postulation also describes James to be the brother to the Lord Jesus Christ. This is, however, denied by some other group of scholars who argue that the letter is pseudonymous. Although the book is named after James, it was actually written long after his death. This was written, as they say, by a Christian member of the early church James led before being stoned to death in the ‘60s. The book is purported to have been written and named after James in order to honor and respect him for his works (Johnson, 1995, p. 163). The author of this book could not be one of the disciples of Jesus Christ since one of them was called James, the Zebedee’s son, who was martyred in the year 44 CE. The epistle was not written by then, thus, he could not have been the author. The other was James the son of Alphaeus who was not particularly prominent in the record of the scriptures. This dis ciple was unusually outspoken and, thus, could he have written the book of James, he would have indicated that he was among the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. There is a strong evidence that the book was written by James the half-brother of the Lord Jesus Christ to whom the resurrected Jesus had appeared to in a special way (Mathew 13:55; Galatians 1:19, 2:9). This James was also remarkably prominent to the disciples of Jesus and popular among them (Acts 21:15-25). According to the teaching of the book with the Symmachian sect, it is questioned as to whether the teachings of James were heretical (McCartney, 2009, p.265). The greatest portion of the scholars of the Bible has a belief that the book of James was authored by James, who was the brother to Jesus the Lord. However, scholars like Jerome do not marry the idea and think that the book was written by James son of Alpheus (Mathew 10:3). The view of Jerome is widely supported by the catholic believers to date. The protestant c ommunity strongly deems that the writer of the book of James is James the brother to the Lord (Mathew 13:55). The Jews of Jerusalem once valued James so much and enthroned him at Jerusalem (Acts 25:11). James is recorded to have supported some of the Mosaic Law, and this might have led him to write that letter which was in conflict with the epistles of Paul (Acts

Check order instruction and attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Check order instruction and attachment - Essay Example First, people are allowed to enroll for membership either online or through conventional means. BUSC also makes itself known by visiting schools and recreational areas to initiate new members into its program. Going by organisational practices in BUSC’s premises, I gathered that BUSC’s packages are designated into divisions so that there are Divisions 1, 2, 3 and 4 so that an individual can therefore decide which group he will join. BUSC neither recognizes specific age group limitations nor denies participation to some people because of age. This is underscored by the fact that the Club’s philosophy makes it plain that no child is denied participation because of financial constraint. BUSC also factors the adult and has an array of services tailor-made for this group, as is attested by the presence of the Parent/Player Corner. The activity age is appropriate since different age groups have specific needs, yet parents have always wanted their entire families to accompany children in their outdoor activities. This means that the activity age becomes helpful in satisfying both adults’ and children’s needs. By the phrase children, it is meant, anyone who has not attained the legal age or is still under the care of his parents. The Ballistic United Soccer Club has a strong mission, objective and value standpoint which coalesces into its organisational culture. This culture dictates the conduct of its personnel, clientele and BUSC personnel-public relations and therefore wards off cases of professional and personal misconduct within BUSC premises. There are also strong safety measures and trained personnel who can handle different forms of crises which may occur in BUSC’s site. This means that chances for distractions such as criminal cases, criminality, negligence and tortuous cases are limited. Ballistic United Soccer Club has had considerable success in engaging all participants. The fact that the Club has managed the participants for about 5 decades

OLI model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

OLI model - Essay Example The above approach neglects critical issues, which are critical in defining a multinational firm. The model has three areas where its main advantages are based, that is; It has its advantages in explaining the MNEs existence. Ownership has its advantages in the sense that it addresses the question of why that some firms will go abroad and not others, it postulates that there are some benefits that allow it to overpower the cost of operating abroad. Since firms are the collection of different assets and MNEs candidate has a higher-than-average asset level to have an internal public goods character. The assets can be used in the production in various areas without reduction of their effectiveness. The assets include product dimensional factor, common to model in terms of a single index of the production of the firm. The highest sophisticated treatment in these lines is found in immediate work on non-homogeneous firms that combines the horizontal simplest version motive for FDI, with an assumption of their productivity differences (Faeth, 2009). The OLI model has an aspect to pay a sunk cost in productivity determination. Low-production can be produced only for the purposes of the home market; while medium productivity ones are chosen to pay for export fixed costs, but the most productive ones chosen to pay for higher costs for FDI engagements. The above predictions are in accordance with the evidence. On a further contribution, the model provides that industries with greater heterogeneities have more firms engaged in the FDI. Location advantages address the question of where the firm chooses to locate. Though the theory of international trade has taken ownership advantages just for granted, to make them in more obvious ways, this model has emphasized more on exploration of alternative motives to be located by MNEs abroad. The major factor that has created much attention is the clear distinction between vertical and horizontal FDI. Horizontal FDI happens when

Art Originality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Originality - Essay Example I view the program as a catalyst to better myself and to enjoy the boundless regions of art itself. I really find the lessons motivating. Here, we are constantly encouraged to draw anything that we wanted. The course made me relish the freedom of the art world. There are times when we are asked to draw something at home to be presented before the class the next day. I believe that the intention is to gain inspiration and creativity in an ambience beyond the class' art studio atmosphere. There would always be time allotted to talk about recent news and various issues such as the nuclear test in North Korea to Nicole Ritchie's eating disorder. I guess such discussions are substantial in improving our skills because it nurtures self-expression and consciousness. One time we had to bring four pictures which we perceive to be of good art, of bad art, of a beautiful looking person, and of an ugly looking person. I chose Frida Kahlo's works as good art because her works exude a great sense of style in contrast with the bad art of Damien Hirst who is identified with his eccentric exploitation of animals in his works. I also brought the photographs of Nicole Kidman and Michael Jackson and explained that the former is a picture of beauty and the latter is a display of ugliness and distortion caused by excessive plastic surgery. After those discussions we would talk about our own works.

Compare and contrast two leaders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Compare and contrast two leaders - Essay Example Hitler was instrumental in German Nationalist movement, who is accused for exterminating Jews, and depicted by historians as devil incarnate. In this context, words of Konrad Heiden hold true. â€Å"For years, Mein Kampf stood as a proof of the blindness and complacency of the world. In its pages Hitler announced –long before he came to power—a program of blood and terror in a self revelation of such overwhelming frankness that few had the courage to believe it†¦That such a man could go so far towards realizing his ambitions—that is a phenomenon the World will ponder for centuries to come† (Konrad 1969). Mohandas Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, to Karamchand Gandhi, at Porbandar, an obscure town in Gujarat. He had a very good childhood as his father occupied high office of the province. In his childhood Gandhi was very timid, shy, and introvert and not smart and good at studies. He got married at the early age of thirteen, as was the custom of his community, which affected his education a little bit. Somehow he completed his high school education and joined college, but his performance was not satisfactory and subsequently dropped out just after three months. His family adviser suggested that studying law and obtaining barrister title from England was rather easy and he was sent to England. After completing his law study in England he returned to India. He was not a successful lawyer in India, and hence his brother arranged to send him to South Africa in pursuit of his career as a lawyer. Adolph Hitler was born to Alois Hitler on 20th April, 1889 in Braunau-am-Inn, Austria near German border. His father was a senior custom official who retired from civil service when he was only six. Adolph was very intelligent and ambitious to be a painter. As his father was in civil service, he was educated in the best school of that time. His father wanted him to follow his career and reach great heights in civil

Life Stage Interviews and Reports Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Life Stage Interviews and Reports Paper - Essay Example If a person develops good eating habits, exercises daily, and possesses a positive attitude with regard to the everyday activities since early childhood. He/she will have higher probability to live longer as compared to a person who uses drugs, drinks alcoholic beverage excessively or lives a sedentary life. Many of the late adulthood in the developed countries live longer due to more medical assistance and educational resources available. However, living longer truly depends on the person’s mindset. The development and resulting lifespan of people may be dependent on such factors as their perception of death or afterlife, resiliency in confronting changes in adulthood and attributed value to life. This paper discusses how factors such as their perception of death or afterlife, resiliency in confronting changes in adulthood and attributed value to life have affected the development and quality of the lives of the interviewees who are in their late stages of adulthood. As their views are compared and further information gathered, the apparent role of adult development factors are exhibited. Fear of death or dying is natural and sometimes may cause individuals to become preoccupied and obsessive with the thoughts of death. At times, just the mere mention of death may even cause substantial anxiety for some people. To further illustrate how the fear of death is actually universal, the presence of death is often frightening and unwelcome or even taboo to discuss in some cultures. In more modern cultures, death has been accepted as eminent, thus, embraced. However, the restrictions to certain foods that can be eaten or clothing that can be worn to avoid death or prolong life still prevail. Based on recent psychological studies, there are five primal fears, i.e. fear of dying, the unknown, abandonment, loss of control, pain, and bodily deterioration (Garfield, 2001). All these

The Great Divide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Great Divide - Essay Example The American population consists of citizens who follow a plethora of religions and sub-faiths and the Constitution only ascertains the fact that none can be supported or discriminated against. This is precisely the reason why the constitution has laid down the law that neither the Government nor the State "can pass laws which aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another. No tax, in any amount, large or small, can be levied to support any religious activities or institutions, whatever they may be called, or whatever form they may adopt to teach or practice religion." This essay is an attempt to adopt a supportive stance towards this statement made by the American Federal Court. The essay argues that the State, in a pluralist society must adopt a secular stance and must certainly take care to omit the passing of any such laws or practices that would create a divide within the society, in perception and in the unity that is often the strength of the pluralist society. The key point in this informative essay stems from the fact that the school prayer was a religious motivation, that violated the provisions of the American Constitution.  It is due  to this,   that  the author finds  it his right  to perhaps,   protest  against the new  system introduced,  in his  own way.   He feels the need  to stand up against  the practice,   as  he has his  own reasons,  which are the concerns of  lawmakers as well.   The second article from â€Å"My   60-second   protest  from the Hallway†Ã‚  is a great example  of how a   minute’s prayer  before starting the  day in a school in  Virginia can raise  numerous questions in  the minds of students.

Plastic Money Essay Example for Free

Plastic Money Essay Results for: history of wipro company Read the news for history of wipro company - Order by: Date Weighted * The History of LucasArts company Video THE BEARDED TRIO ON FACEBOOKTHE BEARDED TRIO ON TWITTERI need your Star Wars memories for a book 20/9/2012 * Apple Is Not The Most Valuable Company In The History Of The World — IBM Wo Apple is not the most valuable company in the history of the world. Its not even Microsoft, which was reported to have been toppled by Apple today. Its IBM by 21/8/2012 * Hong Kong: A history of company incorporation To mark the twentieth anniversary of the Companies Registry a report has been published, written by Professor S H Goo, providing a history of company incorporation in Hong Kong: see 14/8/2013 * The History Of London’s Power Stations The recent news that Battersea Power Station is once again up for sale will be of little surprise to long-time watchers of the crumbling riverside building. Since closure in 1983 13/3/2012 * The history of MS lingerie We are always thinking of new and innovative ways to create content for our clients. Often this involves starting from a blank page, but here’s an example of where we 27/2/2012 * Have we airbrushed the history of the Titanic? Titanic under construction at Harland and Wolff On Sunday morning, we debated that challenging question in a discussion many of you were moved to comment on by text, tweet and 6/3/2012

What Is Meant by the Terms Aims and Objectives Essay Example for Free

What Is Meant by the Terms Aims and Objectives Essay A mission describes the organisations basic functions in society, this is in terms of the products and services that it produces for its customers. A clear business mission should have each of the following elements Purpose, this is why the business exists, next there is the Strategy and scope, this is what the business is doing and going to try and achieve, next is the standards and behaviours, this is the rules and regulations of how the business is to be operated, finally there is the values, this is what the management believes in for the business to work. The aims of a business can be different depending on which sector they’re in: Privately owned business: This business focuses more on their customers and the employees, with the costs of their products or how they give the value for the money to the products that they sell. They also focus on the profit maximisation, the growth, and their increasing market share survival. Publicly owned organisations: These may mention the service they provide, the work they do is included in the missions statements about the quality of their efficiency ad customers. These are also here to provide the best service possible to the community with the money that is provided by the government for them to spend. Non-for-profit and voluntary organisations: These people focus on the services they provide, the causes they support or their aims in helping those who are in need. These also focus on charities for example: Oxfam, British heart foundation, and many more charities, that will help people who are indeed. †¢Values †¢Strategy and scope †¢Standards and Behaviours 3 Examples of mission statements. EasyJet To provide its customers with safe, good value, point-to-point air services. To effect and to offer a consistent and reliable product and fares appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of European routes. To achieve this they will develop their people and establish lasting relationships with their suppliers. Reference: http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/easyjet/easy8.htm BAA Our mission is to make BAA the most successful airport group in the world. This means: †¢Always focusing on our customers needs and safety. †¢Achieving continuous improvements in the profitability, costs and quality of all our processes and services. †¢Enabling us all to give of our best. †¢Growing with the support and trust of our neighbours. Source: BAA Web site Reference: http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/baa/baa8.htm McDonalds McDonalds aim to be the UKs best fast service restaurant experience. Reference: http://www.bized.co.uk/compfact/mcdonalds/mc9.htm Many mission statements are quite short, but others are long. These all include the aims and the objectives of the business, in other words what the business is going to do and how it will achieve its missions. 5 Business Aims: †¢Survival, Is a concern for all business especially when they first start trading, To survive a business needs to work really hard to find and keep customers, but making sure there a lot better than their competitors. †¢ Growth, this is another way of saying of increasing the sales, but the sales can be increased by increasing the market share, by selling in new areas or to new customers of the country, or even developing better products or services. †¢Breaking Even, In order for a business to service it needs to be able to break even, this is the point where a business becomes self sufficient, where the money it collects in each sales is equal to the money it spends on costs. †¢Sales, this is where some businesses only focus on their increasing sales, perhaps because they think that big firms can compete more effectively than smaller companies/ businesses. †¢Market Share,  This is where many companies will aim to increase their market share each year by winning its customers away from their rivals. The aims of a business will vary depending on the sector they’re in. †¢Private Sector, the aims for this are profit maximisation, growth, increasing market share and survival. And they also would be looking to expand the business. †¢Government, the aims for this sector is to grow the economy, to help provide the best services to the public, they also are there to keep people safe to create a fair community. †¢Public sector, there aims are to provide the best service that is possible to the community with money which is provided by the government, they also are here to help improve service provision and they also have to operate within the budget that is at break even. †¢Not-for- profit, this is to raise awareness of particular causes and is to provide the best service possible with the available money. And are to increase the rand of services †¢Voluntary sector, this sector is to raise awareness of particular causes and is to provide the best service possible, with all the volunteers that are available. These also support a free service to the needy. Example of Business Aims †¢British Airways, this year we have mapped out a long-term vision for our business. It is to be the world’s leading global premium airline. http://www.britishairways.com/cms/global/microsites/ba_ report0809/pdfs/Strategy.pdf †¢Sainsbury, Aims are to provide a safe and prosperous town for its residents advertise as much as possible http://www.ukqna.com/business/2906-2-buesiness-ukqna.html †¢Easy Jet, to provide its customers with safe, good value, point-to-point air services. To effect and to offer a consistent and reliable product and fares appealing to leisure and business markets on a range of European routes. http://www.experts123.com/q/what-are-the-business-aims-and-objectives-of-easyjet.html †¢Tesco’s Value for money- competitive prices- meeting consumer needs progressive returns on investment. http://www.blurit.com/q901525.html †¢Oxfam, to examine levels and determinates of utilisation in the views of  various stakeholders (population, health committees, providers, health authorities) in the context of cost sharing. http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/downloads/wp_costsharing_yemen/wp_yemen_2aims Business Objectives. Aims are where the business wants to go in the future; these are long term achievements for a dream to come true for them. Objectives are more specific than aims. They are set over the short to medium term. Objectives are necessary because aims, in themselves, are to general and may be overwhelming. The aims maybe *for example*, to go to university. Business can meet their objectives by keeping focused on what they’re going to do, and what they need to do to get to that objective. For example, wanting to go to university, they need to get all their A levels. Objectives need to be smart in order for them to be realistic and work for a business. Smart- stands for †¢Specific- You need to have a clear statement about what you will be doing. It is usually quantified, which this means that it has a number in it. †¢Measurable- Achievement can be checked. By keeping a record of your progress, and the completed assessment, this will be able to measure the achievements. †¢Achievable- you can attain you’re target if you work hard, you can also do really well if you stretch you’re self. †¢Realistic- Your target should be sensible one that you can stand a chance of achieving it, for example, saying you will make  £2000 a week. †¢Time- Constrained- every objective should have a date included for achievement or review. This acts as warning, as well as backup if you happen to be falling behind. The objectives of a business will vary depending on the sector they’re in. †¢Private Sector, Increase sales, and reduce the costs to develop new products and services, improve existing products and services to hopefully find new customers. †¢Government, to reduce the crime to set the appropriate taxes, petrol prices, and provide the best schools and hospitals, to create new laws they should also improve the product quality. †¢Public sector, to  exceed customer expectations, for example they could reduce the waiting time in hospitals, help to improve exam results for GCSE and A level students. And they want to lower crime rates. They could also try and meet customer targets. And keep the costs low. †¢Not-for- profit, to raise more money and to reduce the costs so more money can be used on the services, to improve services, to get more people aware of the particular cause. †¢Voluntary sector, they want to get more volunteers to help improve their servi ces. They also want to increase revenue from donations. They should also take into account of reducing costs. Examples of Business objectives: The first set of objectives is taken from Kellogg’s a PLC business and the other objectives are from a not for profit organisation Barbados’s . †¢Kellogg’s, 1.encourage and support physical activity among all sectors of the population 2.use resources to sponsor activities and run physical activity focused community programmes for its consumers and the public in general 3.increase the association between Kellogg and physical activity 4.use the cereal packs to communicate the balance message to consumers 5.Introduce food labelling that would enable consumers to make decisions about the right balance of food. http://www.thetimes100.co.uk/case-studyusing-aims-objectives-to-create-business-strategy6-267-3.php Barnardos ambition for the next three years is to help as many families and children as possible to overcome disadvantage. To fulfil this ambition, our aims include to: †¢use donations to help the most vulnerable and †¢hardest to reach children and young people †¢better demonstrate the effectiveness of †¢our children’s services †¢extend our reach into minority communities †¢campaign fearlessly on behalf of a population †¢of disadvantaged children, young people and †¢families who struggle to represent themselves †¢exceed the average fundraising performance †¢across charities in the UK †¢grow awareness of and active support for †¢Barnardo’s work †¢attract more volunteers, especially to our †¢stores and children’s services †¢continue to grow our net retail income †¢drive up organisational performance and †¢Increase our competitive advantage. http://www.barnardos.org.uk/annual_review_2010_interactive.pdf

Difference Between Mash And Star Topology Computer Science Essay

Difference Between Mash And Star Topology Computer Science Essay In this part of the assignment, the difference between Mash and Star Topology will be examined. Additionally, the Network topology in general will be discussed in detailed with other network topology. Network topology is one of the most significant topics to learn before start building up computer network. Network topology is the physical arrangement of nodes, A node is any network device, such as a computer, work station, or switching unit. Basically a topology describes how a network is linked , it is the structure of the network. In networking topologies are very important because they have significant role on flexibility and reliability. Firstly, Mash topology is to be examined. According to Ratliff (2000) Mash topology is †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦The most basic type of topology to understand is the mesh topology. In a pure mesh network, each node has a physical connection to all other nodes.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. while Star topology is †¦consists of a central hub with spokes extending out from it and terminating in nodes .. Mesh is a type of network topology which †¦can use an alternative†¦route to deliver data If any of the cables fail. In that point mesh network topology is one of the most reasonable network topology. However when number of nodes increases, mesh topology becomes unwieldy and expensive. Another negative aspect is requires too many cable works. Because mesh topology requires more cable than other topologies. The equation of Mesh network is Ln=[Nn(Nn-1)] in this equation Ln stands for number of links required and Nn stands for number of nodes in the network. On the other hand Star topology as it has mentioned above every node linked to the central device called, hub or switch. Also star topologies are usually used for LAN networking and it is one of the most popular topology today. Altough The star is one of the older topologies. Star topologies are very easy to install and wire. In addition detecting fault removing faulty parts is easier in star topology. Another good advantage of using star topology is if any node fails or is removed it doesnt affect network so Network never fails Unless central device or hub fails. To compare star and mesh topology there one major difference which is about coverage of the network mesh topologies commonly used for WAN (Wide area networks) on the other hand Star is commonly used for LAN (Local are networks).Another difference is to setup star network you need a central hub or switch to link nodes together. But to setup mesh topology you dont need central device because In mesh topology computers or nodes connected directly to each other on many alternative routes. Mesh topology network failure tolarence is less than star topology because even if more than one cable fails system still can run. However in star topology is the same unless central device fails network can still run smoothly. Furthermore, there are three more network topologies which are Ring network topology, Bus network topology and Tree network topology. Firstly Ring Network topology is to be examined. In ring topology nodes linked to each other and data are sent around the circle from node to node. In recent years ring network topology was popular in LAN networking and two popular networking technologies which are ARCNET and TOKEN used ring topology. According to Ratliff (2000) In ring topology Message transmission can use one of two techniques. In the first, the transmitting node gains access to the ring and sends data to the receiving node; the receiving removes the message from the ring. In second technique, the sender transmits the message, and the receiver makes a copy of the message rather than removing it from the ring. The message then returns to the transmitter and serves as an acknowledgement that it was received. Ring network topology is very easy to extend. All you need to do is break the ring and plug in node. As you can see easy to make changes, makes ring topology very flexible. In Ring network you dont need network server to manage connectivity between the nodes because nodes connected each other with wires. Also performance is better than a star network if network is under heavy network load because data passes in only one direction. However there are significant negative aspects. The major problem is If one node fails, all network system might fail. Another negative aspect of ring networks is that if a node is added, the network must stop working temporarily. Because when a node is added firstly you need to cut the connection and add the node. Bus network topology is one of the oldest topologies in networking history. Bus topology requires one single cable which can be inches long or miles long that links all nodes on a network. According to Lowe (2005) In a bus topology, every node on the network can see every packet thats sent on the cable. Each node looks at each packet to determine whether the packet is intended for it. If so, the node claims the packet .If not, the node ignores the packet. This way, each computer can respond to data sent to it and ignore data sent to other computers on the network. Bus network topology performance is depends on the number of the nodes, less node means more performance. The reason for that all computers use/share same cable for data transfer on the network. Also bus topologys data transfer rate is slower than other network topologies. However beside those disadvantages there are also several advantages of bus network topology. Bus topologies are very easy to install and extend. In addition Bus topologies are cheapest network topology if you compare with other topologies. And its very easy to identity wire faults. To sum up network topologies are base of the network design. It is possible to built better network topology if you have good knowledge of these network topologies which has mentioned above. Also you need to have the knowledge of each network devices to use them properly for your network needs. Not good configured network can cause problems such as waste of time and energy. So basically understanding network topologies and devices is key of building good network. Part B In this part of assignment software and hardware for business systems for accounting business activities will be examined with cost/benefit and importance to the success of the business in report form. INTRODUCTION Today computers have become very popular in every kind of sector. In business area there are many different and specific software for every need like the company or market sector. To run your own business you must have a good software for your needs, which is one of the most significant tools to achieve goals in your business. There is a big danger todays business world For instance if you do not have right tools which usually includes business software, it means your business will go down and down. When you started your own business the most important software that you must have are accounting software. These software are for the financial analysis, warehouse, software for budgeting, production and management. Accounting software have very big role to play for the success of the business because these programs plan and record all the movements. In addition you have chance to organize and manage whole activities. As long as you choose most suitable one for your business. THE ACTUAL DICUSSION/CONTENT/BODY SOFTWARE Firstly I would like to answer one of the most common question which is Why accounting software? The answer is simple If you open a small business in todays variable economic situation your business adventure might become exciting and complicated also expensive working. On the face of it, it seems very simple just ensure you are selling your goods for more than it costs to produce them. But it does not work like that because without proper bookkeeping, your business likely to collapse. That is why accounting software is a key for any small business to achieve big goals in the business sector. It must have a role to play in every financial decision A to Z such as purchasing equipments, stocking inventory, supplies to increasing production and determining salaries. If you do not have any background in accounting like most of people, you do not have to worry because todays accounting software have more information than you need. They give you the tools and info which helps to keep your financial records in check. Another one of the most asked question is what you should observe before you buy accounting software? Today there are many accounting software and it is very hard to know which software is the best fit for your business finances. We can divide Below I will explain them one by one. Firstly in accounting software ease of use is very important. Software should be easy to install, set up, and understand. The best accounting software navigates the user to what to do step by step so user do not have to think or guess next step. Second important thing is Accounting modules; Accounting modules are very important to successfully maintain your business finances like Accounts Payable and Accounts Receivable. The important thing is the software which you choose contains all the common accounting modules, you need. And the software which you choose should be able to grow with your company and customize your system for your business needs. Another important criteria is Reporting catagories

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The First Green Politician Essay

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt once stated, â€Å"A nation that destroys its soils destroys itself. Forests are the lungs of our land, purifying the air and giving fresh strength to our people.† As the thirty-second President of the United States, during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war, Roosevelt recognized and addressed the need for conserving and protecting the nation’s natural resources. Roosevelt put forth the necessary effort to not only raise awareness, but also create a change in the literal ‘land’ of the free. When Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) became U.S. President in 1933, he sought out the advice of modern-thinking experts in many fields in an effort to improve the then current environmental state of his country. It was not only Roosevelt who greatly expected results from these efforts, but his fellow citizens as well. With his long-term passion for nature and interest in the science of forestry and resource management, Franklin D. Roosevelt was particularly shocked by the waste of American natural resources during a time in which his country had such great need. In his inaugural address, he stated his belief on this subject before his fellow citizens, "Nature still offers her bounty and human efforts have multiplied it. Plenty is at our doorstep, but a generous use of it languishes in the very sight of the supply." This man knew of the rich treasures that lie within the loams and rolling hills of our country. He understood the benefits of its wealth, if employed resourcefully. His initia tives sought to intelligently utilize these resources while creating jobs for out-of-work Americans. Roosevelt’s environmental policies incorporated the emerging field of ecology with federal policies to manage watersheds, maintain forests, teach agriculture, and hold fast the flying soils of the southern plains. The main force behind this federal action was derived from the national surge in unemployment. The economic collapse of 1929 left millions of American citizens incapable of making a living. These unfortunate financial setbacks were most evident in the American southern plains region. Terrible drought combined with economic difficulty made it practically impossible for many farms in the rural mid-western United States to produce. Residents of Oklahoma fled westward to California, creating resettlement problems on top of already ... ...ull of national and global changes in the 1930s, a man put forth the effort to preserve the ‘the fruited plains’ of his country. If not for the measures taken by him, the national and rural appreciation for our natural resources might have come much later. In the midst of World War II, an economic recession, and a paralytic illness of polio, this man noticed and fully understood the importance of a harmonious balance between the nation’s people and its soils. Works Cited Black, Brian. "Roosevelt, Franklin D.." The Encyclopedia of Earth. 22 Aug. 2008. Encyclopedia of Earth. 24 Nov. 2011 . CCC Legacy. 7 Apr. 2011.. Ermentrout, Robert A.. ""Forgotten Men: The Civilian Conservation Corps"." 1982: Miller, Perry H.. Roosevelt's Forest Army, A History of the Civilian Conservation Corps. 1981. Roosevelt, Franklin D.. "Roosevelt Quotes." Brainy Quote. 25 Nov. 2011. . Roosevelt, Franklin D.. "Roosevelt's Inaygural Address." PBS. 25 Nov. 2011. .

Copious Imagery within the Tragedy Othello :: Othello essays

Copious Imagery within the Tragedy Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚   In the Bard of Avon’s tragic drama Othello there resides imagery of all types, sizes and shapes. Let us look at the playwright’s offering in this area.    In the essay â€Å"Wit and Witchcraft: an Approach to Othello† Robert B. Heilman discusses the significance of imagery within this play:    Reiterative language is particularly prone to acquire a continuity of its own and to become â€Å"an independent part of the plot† whose effect we can attempt to gauge. It may create â€Å"mood† or â€Å"atmosphere†: the pervasiveness of images of injury, pain, and torture in Othello has a very strong impact that is not wholly determined by who uses the images. But most of all the â€Å"system of imagery† introduces thoughts, ideas, themes – elements of the meaning that is the author’s final organization of all his materials. (333)    The vulgar imagery of the ancient dominate the opening of the play. Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† describes the types of imagery used by the antagonist when he â€Å"slips his mask aside† while awakening Brabantio:    Iago is letting loose the wicked passion inside him, as he does from time to time throughout the play, when he slips his mask aside. At such moments he always resorts to this imagery of money-bags, treachery, and animal lust and violence. So he expresses his own faithless, envious spirit, and, by the same token, his vision of the populous city of Venice – Iago’s â€Å"world,† as it has been called. . . .(132)    Standing outside the senator’s home late at night, Iago uses imagery within a lie to arouse the occupant: â€Å" Awake! what, ho, Brabantio! thieves! thieves! thieves! / Look to your house, your daughter and your bags!† When the senator appears at the window, the ancient continues with coarse imagery of animal lust: â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram / Is topping your white ewe,† and â€Å"you'll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse; you'll have your nephews neigh to you; you'll have coursers for cousins and gennets for germans.† Brabantio, judging from Iago’s language, rightfully concludes that the latter is a â€Å"profane wretch† and a â€Å"villain.†    When Iago returns to the Moor, he resorts to violence in his description of the senator, saying that â€Å"nine or ten times / I had thought to have yerk'd him here under the ribs.

Descriminationn Against Irish-American Immigrants and Native Americans

Descriminationn Against Irish-American Immigrants and Native Americans Racism is a problem with roots reaching as far back as biblical times, and it is questionable as to whether or not racial discrimination will ever vanish. Many different groups of people have been subject to racism over time. Two historical examples of people who were discriminated against because of their nationality are Native Americans and Irish-American immigrants. Although the situations they faced are not quite identical, they have an abundance of similarities. The Native Americans and the Irish citizens who immigrated to the United States suffered a similar plight in the sense that both peoples were persecuted for their cultural differences as well as exiled from their own homelands. Before all others, varying tribes of Native Americans inhabited North America. The eleventh-century Norse seaman Leif Eriksson glimpsed very small portions of the continent, yet his discoveries never became public knowledge.(Brinkley, 8) It was not until Christopher Columbus’s â€Å"discovery† of North America that Europeans began to develop an interest in the so-called New World. British, French, and Spanish colonies sprouted up along the eastern coast of America soon after Columbus’s expedition. Once the colonies declared their independence from Great Britain and formed the United States of America in 1776, the westward expansion of the white settlers inflated tremendously. This intrusion upon the lands of the Native Americans produced many conflicts between the two groups. The Americans began to repeatedly intrude upon Native American property, and force the Indians off of their rightfully owned land. One person who is often associated with the poor treat... ...persecuted horribly and viewed as inferior, and as belonging to a lower level in the social order. The Irish’s subservience was influenced mainly by ideological apparatuses, while the Indians were restrained mostly by repressive forces, such as military action. Yet, both methods were effective in lowering the people in the social rankings, so that they were frequently overlooked and wronged morally and legally. While we can not take back what has happened, we can use what has happened in the past to try to prevent such injustices in the future. The first step in the solution to racism is understanding one another. Bibliography: Brinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation: A Concise History of the American People, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill, 2000. Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America, Boston, MA: Bay Back Books, 1993.

Understanding the Rise of the Environmental Movement Through

Understanding the rise of the Environmental Movement through the use of Max Weber’s 4 types of ‘Social Action’ Sociology 101 – Laura Meehan Historically, while industrialization and production have flourished, there has been little concern regarding the environment’s well being. However, now more than ever, there has been a growing awareness and acceptance of environmentalism, as people begin to realize that the large-scale environmental destruction we have caused, cannot be mended or manipulated by technological fixes.This somewhat ‘new’ movement to enter into the political arena claims it is necessity that the foundations of modern industrial society have to be challenged and restructured, as well that we must transform our social actions in order for it to succeed. Through the use of Max Weber’s 4 types of ‘social action’, we are able to better understand and analyze the reasons for change, progress, and setbacks w ithin the environmental movement. To begin with, in sociology, ‘social action’ refers to â€Å"all human behavior when and in so far as the acting individual attaches a subjective meaning to it† (Anderson, Karen L. 2012), â€Å"Thinking About Sociology: A Critical Introduction† (p. 155). ) Additionally, as defined by Weber himself, social actions â€Å"[are] interpreting the meanings which men give to their actions and so understand the actions themselves. † (Matthews, Eric (1978), â€Å"Selections In Translation† (p. 7). ) Point in fact, there are four types of ‘social actions’: 1. Goal rational: social action motivated by specific goals, 2. Value rational: social action motivated by weighing goal and how it is achieved, 3. Affectual action: social action motivated by emotions, and 3. Traditional action: action motivated by a tradition or custom.Therefore with specific regards to the environmental movement, value rational and af fectual actions are the most relevant social actions. Generally speaking, value rational is the absolute essence of this movement as it strives for more ethical approaches to consumption, while focusing not only on the goal, rather how it is achieved. A perfect example to compliment this is to take a glance at how companies are turning to ‘fair trade’ products, which are organized to help producers in developing countries make better trading conditions and promote environmental sustainability.Pursuing this further, another ideal example of how the environmental movement encompasses a value rational action is the ‘100km diet’. This ‘diet’ refers to only eating food grown or produced within 100 kilometers of your locale, and amongst other goals, promotes environmental sustainability. The diet reduces the amount of â€Å"food miles†-which is the distance food is transported from the producer to the store, including the emissions created-tha t each person's meal goes through. It undoubtedly captures the principle of value rational action, as it is entirely focuses on how ‘the goal’ is achieved.Consequently, the environmental movement also clearly demonstrates social actions motivated by emotions, or therefore, affectual action. Many parents have joined the movement in hopes that they will be able to give their children, grandchildren, and future families the same or better quality of life in which they’ve experienced in their lifetime. This action is directly driven by their emotions; the very thought of their children suffering in the future’s daunting changing environments pulls on their heart strings, and they join the movement to avoid a negative future.However in contrast, without allude to the less pertinent role of ‘goal action’ as well as ‘traditional action’, we would not be able to fully comprehend the restrictions as well as the difficulties the movement is faced with. First off, the issue regarding the restriction of the movement’s progress is owing to the fact that a large portion of post-industrial society is still focused on the capitalist mode of production. More specifically, they are focused on increasing production and feeding the starving mouths of consumerism.Capitalism urges surplus production, which can leave devastation destruction to the land in which it occupies; deforestation, toxic waste and pollution, oil spills, and much more. Pursuing this further, this portrays how the very basis of capitalism, is goal rational; governments or corporations have a set economic goal in mind, and will essentially put their ethics on a shelf, in order to achieve their goal. This can stunt or sometimes bring the movement’s progress to a halt, as it can be a very grueling change as the environmental movement tries to hift the social action from a goal rational society to a value rational society. Similarly, the changes in which occupy the environmental movement are also limited by a multiplicity of people whom are reluctant to alter their lifestyles, as they are comfortable with the way they’ve always done things. This would clearly outline an individual, or group of individuals, in which fall under traditional action. They are comfortable with the lifestyle and traditions they have, and they are not willing to change, with the reason that it is ‘the way things have always been done’.This has been a great restriction for the movement, and may partially be driven by the fear of change and what will come. In final analysis, Weber’s four types of social action are useful conceptual tools for explaining and understanding contemporary social reality, as they allow us to analyze particular patterns that constitute the institutions, organizations, structures, and norms of society. â€Å"Social action (which includes failure to act and being acted upon) can be related to the past, present or anticipated future behavior of other people. (Matthews, Eric (1978), â€Å"Selections In Translation† (p. 26). ) Attempting to understand an individual or group’s actions and the results, is necessary to formulate an explanation of how society works, as well as how social change transpires. It can give insight on why a group or individual acted in a certain way, or predict how they may react in any future or hypothetical situations. In the same way, the more precise the ideal type, the more useful it is to devise classifications of groups or individuals and to produce hypotheses regarding the implication of their social actions. The more radically these ultimate values diverge from our own, the more difficult it is for us to understand them be re-living them through an act of empathetic imagination. † (Matthews, Eric (1978), â€Å"Selections In Translation† (p. 11). ) What is being outlined by Weber, is that social actions are not only useful i n an analytical sense, however they allow us to reason another’s actions from a different standpoint than that of our own.Consequently, another feature of these conceptual tools is to note how the actions of individuals must be analyzed to determine their consequences, since there may be unintended consequences to individual or group social action, or of the combined effects of each of these actions, which in turn can assist us in explaining contemporary social reality. In conclusion, social actions allow us to see a different perspective and understand why a group or individual acts the way they do, what motivates them, and how it can influence their social reality.Through the use of Max Weber’s 4 types of ‘social action’, we are able to clearly comprehend, analyze and predict reasons for change, progress, and setbacks within the environmental movement. Bibliography Matthews, Eric. â€Å"The Nature of Social Action. † Weber: Selections In Translati on. 1st ed. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 1978. Pg. 7, 11 & 25. Print. Anderson, Karen L. â€Å"Chapter 6. † Thinking About Sociology: A Critical Introduction. Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press Canada, 2012. Pg. 155. Print.

Key Qualities of a Successful Entrepreneur Essay

Being an entrepreneur is about more than just starting a business or two, it is about having attitude and the drive to succeed in business. All successful Entrepreneurs have a similar way of thinking and posses several key personal qualities that make them so successful in business. Successful entrepreneurs like the ambitious Richard Branson have an inner drive to succeed and grow their business, rather than having a Harvard Business degree or technical knowledge in a particular field.All successful entrepreneurs have the following qualities:Inner Drive to SucceedEntrepreneurs are driven to succeed and expand their business. They see the bigger picture and are often very ambitious. Entrepreneurs set massive goals for themselves and stay committed to achieving them regardless of the obstacles that get in the way. Strong Belief in themselvesSuccessful entrepreneurs have a healthy opinion of themselves and often have a strong and assertive personality. They are focused and determined to achieve their goals and believe completely in their ability to achieve them. Their self optimism can often been seen by others as flamboyance or arrogance but entrepreneurs are just too focused to spend too much time thinking about un-constructive criticism. Search for New Ideas and InnovationAll entrepreneurs have a passionate desire to do things better and to improve their products or service. They are constantly looking for ways to improve. They‘re creative, innovative and resourceful.Openness to ChangeIf something is not working for them they simply change. Entrepreneurs know the importance of keeping on top of their industry and the only way to being number one is to evolve and change with the times. They‘re up to date with the latest technology or service techniques and are always ready to change if they see a new opportunity arise.www.woopidoo.comCompetitive by NatureSuccessful entrepreneurs thrive on competition. The only way to reach their goals and live up to their self imposed high standards is to compete with other successful businesses. Highly Motivated and EnergeticEntrepreneurs are always on the move, full of energy and highly motivated. They are driven to succeed and have an abundance of self motivation. The high standards and ambition of many entrepreneurs demand that they have to be motivated!Accepting of Constructive Criticism and RejectionInnovative entrepreneurs are often at the forefront of their industry so they hear the words †it can‘t be done† quite a bit. They readjust their path if the criticism is constructive and useful to their overall plan, otherwise they will simply disregard the comments as pessimism. Also, the best entrepreneurs know that rejection and obstacles are a part of any leading business and they deal with them appropriately.True entrepreneurs are resourceful, passionate and driven to succeed and improve. They‘re pioneers and are comfortable fighting on the frontline The great ones are ready to be laughed at and criticized in the beginning because they can see their path ahead and are too busy working towards their dream.

Education †learning Essay

Education is not only cognitive and intellectual learning, and learning of skills and work-related competences. It is much broader to include moral and ethical issues, values, attitudes, religion, spiritualism, art and more. It is, indeed, important to focus on this when education in schools and universities has become a large â€Å"industry† and when the world, instead of becoming more peaceful, seems to be more confrontational than before. The main reason behind this scenario, that I see, is that students are being taught and not trained and also the fact that teachers do not have any target for teaching instead they teach for the pay they get and sincerity with the profession is waning very fast. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM The educational system that I see should be one that suits all the citizens of the country. It should consider the cultural, ethical, moral, religious and economical norms of the society and should produce respectable and responsible citizens for the society as a whole and a dignified and confident person. |This point arises due to the fact that every country consists of multi-cultural and multi ethical societies with different religious and economic backgrounds. Thus the system should have contents that may not hurt the morals and values of any person and also produce effective results that can be calculated as per the prosperity of that particular society or country as a whole. PURPOSE OF EDUCATION The foundation of our work as educators is moral and ethical education. We must teach the right values and the right ways of analyzing issues. We must seek what is true and act accordingly. Part of that is to learn that we are all responsible for our own attitudes, decisions and actions. We must use education to foster equality between sexes, classes, people of different geographic areas, creeds, colors, cultures and religions. We must learn to understand the importance of solidarity among groups at home and across the borders in order to create peace, development and prosperity. Besides this we are also imparted with the responsibility of teaching science, commerce and arts subjects to the students using latest techniques, information and research to enable our students to prepare themselves to be a productive part of the society and compete with the world in the respective fields of their study. Major areas that a teacher may address are as follows: 1. To help students gain literacy: This is supposed to be the top most priority as if a student is literate he or she may mold in any society and get adapted to its culture and norms without losing its own. 2. To enable students to use and enjoy their learning experiences: Here a student gets in hand expertise to use what it learned during the schooling period to better their social and personal life in a given environment. 3. To teach students to believe and respect others, to contribute to the well-being of their community: A learned person better knows whom to respect and whom not too, who deserves to be valued and who does not, and gets bold enough to express its feelings in a dignified and respectful way in the society. He is able to distinguish between duties bestowed upon him by the community and tries to serve the community within available resources. 4. To give students the opportunity to learn how to inquire and discover new information: When a student learns through experimentation and reasoning he tries to use the same technique throughout his life and does not accepts all and sundry information without analyzing it. 5. To help students develop broader understandings of new information: This enables a student understand and characterize given information and then apply it in his daily life. 6. To help students develop the skills and values they will need to function in a free and just society: Last but not the least it makes sure that a student is made aware of the morals and values of religion and society and to act accordingly not hurting any ones feelings and making progress accordingly in the society individually and as a community as a whole. In the process of enabling the students to get all the above qualities they are supposed to be taught different subjects but should be encompassed under the umbrella of a just religion and that is Islam not because we live in the Islamic Republic Of Pakistan but due to the fact that Islam is the only religion that addresses to all the matters discussed with command and covers all the topics amicably, may it be the moral, cultural, and or ethical values or upbringing, or the contemporary studies of science, commerce and arts. Reference: 1. http://www. intime. uni. edu 2. www. nation. com. pk †º Columns.

The Baderman Island Resort Word Processing Software Upgrade

Smith Systems Consulting is IT services provider delivering business and office automation solutions country wide. We have expertise in project management, software application design, deployment and support. We also provide computing hardware and network installation services. To provide Baderman the most suitable word processing solution, our experts have worked out a plan comprising of three staged project plan based on time tested proprietary standards. Need Assessment Our experts will be involved in identifying current as well as future word processing needs for all users at Baderman.This activity will include documenting all features currently used such as word processing, desktop publishing, web publishing etc. Consultants will conduct interviews throughout the organization to document and compile an exhaustive in-use feature list. We will also collect valuable information about the current hardware and software configurations such, versions of operating systems, memory and pr ocessing power, currently used word processing software etc. Our IS auditors will collect all policies, procedures and guidelines governing the purchase, use and upgrade of computer hardware and software at Baderman.The objective of need assessment is to document all the requirements from various business units. It is an essential element of developing a business-case for any recommended solution. This business-case will help management understand the utility of such an investment, and create the executive’s buy-in necessary for the success of such a project. Product Identification Following need-assessment we will provide details of product(s) identified to best suit the current and future needs at Baderman. Our goal during this phase will be to provide a choice of options supported by data collected during need-assessment.The management may decide to opt for mix of products for different department such as word processing software for many and desktop publishing, web author ing systems for communication and marketing etc. Our proposed solution will accommodate such possibilities to avoid any repeat of work. As standard procedure we will also submit an impact analysis for each of the chosen products, on the currently deployed infrastructure. This will help develop accurate budget and expenditure forecast. Implementation The implementation phase will be further divided into three stages.Each stage will target a group of workers chosen to minimize loss of productivity in operational activities. First group will comprise of top managers from all the various business units. Installation and training will be provided to these leaders and consultants will monitor the progress continuously. These managers will provide the necessary momentum required to successfully implement the change at lower level. This exercise will create stake holders at department level ready to take a lead in adopting new solutionNext in line will be line managers reporting to lead man agers, and lastly all the knowledge workers using word processing software will be targeted. Following a strict step by step regime will allow deployment and training teams to focus attention on groups. This will deliver measurable and repeatable process for adoption of upgrades or new technology. We strive to provide the best quality of service to all our customers. Our planners, consultants and engineers will provide the right mix of skills and expertise to deliver favorable results.

Letters from the Ground Zero

â€Å"Letters from the Ground Zero† is an essay about the tragedy of September 11 in New York City which was unexpected and unbelievable but still happened in broad daylight and caught everyone all over the world unaware and for someone who lived six blocks away from the World Trade Center when the acts of terrorism happened in the American soil like Jonathan Schell, the author of this essay, it is one unforgettable moment in his life to witness such devastation in your country and your countrymen. Schell narrated and illustrated what he had heartrendingly encountered firsthand that day and according to him, â€Å"My specific neighborhood was violated and mutilated.   As I write these words, the acrid, dank, rancid stink—it is the smell of death—of the still smoking site is in my nostrils.† The occurrence of such an attack could have been prevented if every government’s vigilance was increased and complacency was not heightened.  Ã‚  Ã‚   It will always be a better option for all countries to be circumspect, to take extra precautions and do what they can to obliterate such demonic creations. In the time of development of such sophisticated weapons of mass destruction, it is never impossible anymore for a specific part of the globe to become the next ground zero. As Schell told, â€Å"We have known this intellectually, but now we know it viscerally, as a nausea in the pit of the stomach that is unlikely to go away.† The author was able to give a testimonial to the tragedy since he lived near the ground zero and who better to narrate it than someone like him.   What the essay tries to impart is for people to see that something has to be done to stop this from happening again to each one’s homeland and protect the countrymen. The author effectively narrated what can be seen on the television at the same time the streets of New York right after what happened like how people helped each other in any way they can and how so many heroic deeds emerged after such consecutive acts of terror occurred in the United States of America.   The author said â€Å"the surrounding buildings were smashed but still standing and looked down eyelessly on their pulverized brethren†. He was also able to witness how heroic men and women tried to slowly and patiently work in finding the people under the numerous piles of rubbles in ground zero which made it very difficult for the rescue operations to get as many people out of the site alive yet their persistence somehow gave him the reassurance. Despite all these the American people rose above the devastation and destruction even after so many lives of people, employees, firemen, policemen and rescuers were lost.   America has truly learned a huge lesson in a most traumatic, appalling and heartrending way. The essay gives the reader a glimpse of the atmosphere of the perimeter near ground zero, immediately after the World Trade Center was struck.   It makes the reader see what it took and how much courage and strength it took for people whose presence was literally there when it happened. Everyone should try to move and take action on how these attacks can be prevented in the country known to be most powerful in this world. Works Cited Schell, Jonathan. â€Å"Letters from the Ground Zero.† Connelly, Mark. The Sundance Reader, Fourth Edition. Boston, Massachussetts: Thomas Wadsworth, 2006. 119-120.      

Training skills and implications of an aging workforce Essay

Training skills and implications of an aging workforce - Essay Example Majority of organizations remain imprudent at best in their endeavor to supervise their personnel from retirement suitability to time or cost indispensable to fill an empty position. Such entities lack precious information, which is helpful in guiding and regulating future plans to respond to departing workers. Many baby boomers are likely to exit from organizations in the coming years. Upon their departure, they take away valuable knowledge and experience with them, which negatively impacts the organization (Davidson, Lepeak, & Newman, 2007). The ageing population in Europe and other modern nations and its impacts on the labor market with regards to the balance of labor scarcity or the outflow of personnel and likely costs is more than organization’s concern. The debate is dominating the political arena, with economic viewpoints on possible considerations also up-and-coming in the debate. For illustration, a recent report by the OECD laid out policies and punishments for orga nizations for laying-off elder workers. This course of action may have negative effects as it may lessen hiring rates of older workers. From this policy, commendations are clear as to the best kind of employment protection for ageing workers. That is, to increase their employability and increase the range of employment opportunities more generally. Several fields of action are set out, namely enhancing lifelong learning, the adaptation of training methods to the needs of ageing workers, as well as, the promotion of the delayed retirement of this group of employees. Some of the key barriers that may hinder improvement of older workers employability are; poor working conditions, poor or lack of public services to assist aging workers in their special needs, and their lower participation in training. Inflexible working schedules also hamper training needs to increase employability of ageing workers. Sufficient online services may partially fill of the gaps and offer additional services . A recent study of the Glasgow area holds that the use of ICT and online services provided in a community based course to unemployed people empowers them to accomplish high levels of income and skills for future jobs (Cabrera & Malanowski, 2009). Whenever the subject of the ageing population is mentioned, pointers always go for the baby boom generation, which generally refers to people born in 1946 to 1964. These people are likely to exit employment in the coming years. Ageing population is further compounded by attributes of generations following the baby boomers into the workforce, in relation to their volume, enthusiasm and skills. Subsequent generations following baby boom experienced fairly low birth rates, leading to lesser people entering the workforce to fill the gaps left by exiting workers. In addition, the generation X, Y, and Z are associated with high turnover rates. Indisputably, the ageing labor force will impact organizations in different ways, and the impacts depen d on numerous factors. These are such as the present workforce, demographics and future capacity to attract substitute personnel. A critical examination on the potential impact of the ageing workers can aid organizations to initiate practical human

Importance of trainning and education. Is it important yes or no why Essay

Importance of trainning and education. Is it important yes or no why - Essay Example This can be achieved only through learning. We also need education to answer all the basic questions we may have about life – how did life originate, what is land, water and air, why is the sky blue, how can we build houses, and so on. Education is required on both personal and professional fronts. In order to acquire a job, we need to be qualified for it and possess an appropriate degree. In personal life, we need to communicate, calculate, reflect on our experiences, know basic manners, etiquette and civic behavior, etc. All this is acquired through education at home, at school/college and everywhere else. In order to apply the learning acquired through education, one needs proper training. For instance, learning how to manufacture a car theoretically does not necessarily enable an individual to actually perform the task. This especially applies to specialized functions that are a part of any profession. Therefore, to be able to have a good professional career, one needs to be trained for the job. Training, however, is not just required for a successful career but also for basic chores that are a part of daily life. Even the very act of speaking, that comes naturally to every individual, is acquired through the education and training that an individual subconsciously acquires in childhood. Innumerable surveys have shown that employers seek well qualified employees. Employers are especially interested in problem-solving and communication skills that include computational skills, good work habits, linguistics skills, money handling, and oral and written communication (Natriello 1). These skills can only be acquired through education. In addition to education, employers place more emphasis on experience especially that acquired through internships or prior employment (Fischer 1). Experience is acquired through training, either on job, or through internships. Employers place more weight on experience because it ensures that a

Characteristics of a homeless man Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Characteristics of a homeless man - Essay Example As he saw me, he shouted. Beggar: Oye, watch what you are doing man. You just twisted my leg and I have got it fractured for sure. Owoo†¦owooo.ooo. It hurts. You owe me several hundred dollars. I gotta go and get it fixed. Owooo†¦owoo. Oh my God, I thought! One moment ago, I adored the beauty of the Arch, and one moment later, I curse having visited it. Does the Arch make home to such people? I could never think of it. And this beggar, this liar, is indeed a big threat to my bank account. All of these thoughts suddenly flashed in my mind with instincts. I was dumb-founded. I talked to the beggar in reply. Me: I owe you nothing. Its your fault if you are sleeping in a common walkway, with your leg extended in the middle of the path. And I was too conscious to put complete weight over my foot as soon as I realized there was something underneath it. You lie. I did not fracture your leg. Indeed, you are perfectly alright. This is indeed, a new way of begging in the town, isn’t it? Me: Oh my God, you liar, you cheat. You have had your leg fractured ever since this report was made, and you intend to sue me for that? And then you show me the report as well. You know what? I pity you! Here†¦take

Executive Compensation Schemes in Corporate Governance Research Paper

Executive Compensation Schemes in Corporate Governance - Research Paper Example The HR specialist has a difficult task of fixing wages and wage differentials acceptable to an employee and their leaders. Executive remuneration has assumed considerable importance in recent years. Salaries and perks paid to highest decision-makers in organizations are skyrocketing, and this sudden spurt in managerial remuneration was the result of economic deregulation and the consequent entry of MNC's into the various regions. The expectancy model has its roots in the cognitive, concept of pioneer psychologists Kurt Lenin and Edward Tolman. However, the first to formulate an expectancy theory, directly aimed at work motivation, was Victor H. Vroom. Expectancy theory is based on the idea that work effort is directed towards behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes. Despite its general appeal, the expectancy model has some problems. It is important to discover what kinds of behavior the model explains and to which situation it does not very well apply. Contrary to the assumption of the expectancy theory the individuals make decisions consciously; there are numerous instances, where decisions are made with no conscious thought. It is complex, and thus its validity is difficult to test in its entirety. Limitations apart the expectancy model is useful in as much as it serves as a heuristics decision tool to guide managers in dealing with the complexity of motivation in organizations. Motivat ion principles such as encouraging employees' performance and matching rewards to performance can be drawn from the theory. These principles can be used to guide managers in designing organizational rewards, work systems, Management by objectives, and goal setting.

Theoretical Communication Concepts and Its Application in Management Essay

Theoretical Communication Concepts and Its Application in Management - Essay Example Galloway & Thacker 2007 proposed a nonhierarchical structure to organizational communication; the network model, which is an interactive model of communication. SMCR model is a one-way communication model, the sender encodes a message which is then channeled to a receiver through a medium, the receiver then decodes the message. Limitations of this models lie in the fact that there is no feedback display from the receiver, this undermines the core purpose of communication in that it does not reveal the impact of the message on the receiver (Mullins, 2008, 72). It also assumes a one-way mode of communication clearly marking the beginning and end of communication implying the receiver lacks a response. This communication model can only be in a formal organization setting which mainly focuses on structure (top-down structure) whereby the position of the communicator and the recipient is highly considered. This form of communication is mostly written in the form of company magazines, handbooks, and manuals that stipulated organizational requirements, in this case, interactions between the two parties is not necessary, the top level management simply communicates policies and guidelines to employees (Murton, Inman & Osullivan, 2010). This model of communication is efficient as a human resource tool in the sense that it is simple to administer and can generally address all members of the organization. The network model proposed by Galloway and Thacker is a two-way communication model, it encompasses two linear models that enable response from the receiver, hence the receiver acts as the sender as the response message is channeled to the actual sender (Martin & Fellenz, 2010, 45).  

Comparing handwashing techniques - microbiology Essay

Comparing handwashing techniques - microbiology - Essay Example coli K 12 colony count before and after the hand washing, E.coli K12 strain being the indicator organism used in the study. In normal hand wash, the reduction factor was found to vary from 2.4 - 4.18 where as in case of NHS hand wash the value ranges from 0.86 – 2.91. The average reduction factor was found to be higher in case of the NHS hand wash. NHS protocol of hand rubbing for 30 seconds was found very effective in bringing down the microbial load of the hands. The major objective of the study was to compare the normal hand washing techniques with that of NHS standard techniques (in accordance with BS EN 1500). Assessment was based on the E.coli count before and after the hand washing. E.coli normal inhabitants of the normal intestine and they are excreted out in large numbers to the outside through human faeces. Presence of E.coli is thus an indication of feacal contamination of the concerned food item or object by means of insects or human hands. Adequate hand hygiene is the most effective method of preventing infection in hospitals, homes and workplaces. Health care related problems has been in the air for the past two decades with an alarming rate of nosocomial infections. The public concern on hand hygiene has stimulated a review of the scientific data regarding the same and the development of new guidelines designed to improve hand-hygiene practices in health-care facilities. Proper hand washing using detergents like soap was considered as a criteria of personal hygiene since olden days. In 1843, Oliver Wendwell Holmes brought to light the reason for perpural fever found in parturient women as improper hand hygiene of health professionals. The Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) in the year 1995 recommended that either antimicrobial soap or a waterless antiseptic agent should be used for cleaning hands upon leaving the rooms of patients with multidrug-resistant pathogens like vancomycin-resistant

Four ways of evangelism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Four ways of evangelism - Research Paper Example A conclusion is derived upon which two methods are chosen which I believe is the best method to apply to non-believers in my life. Evangelism, in this study, is defined as the zealous preaching and dissemination of the gospel as through missionary work. 1. A non-believer is described as someone who lacks belief or faith, as in god, religion, an idea or an undertaking. Zoll 2 revealed in his study that there many Americans today are non-believers, or have no religion. In a wide range study done on American religious life, Zoll’s study showed that the percentage of Roman Catholic believers have been declining, while the percentage of those who said they have no religion at all is increasing. In the same way, the percentage of Christians who are not Catholics suffered also a decline. According to Zoll, there are 57 million Catholics in the US today, but its population has declined by percentage point to 25 percent. In 2008, Zoll reported that there is also a dwindling rank of mai nline Protestants including Methodists, Lutherans and Episcopalians that dropped from over 17 percent to 12.9 percent of its population. Four methods of evangelism What then are the most appropriate evangelization methods to bring back or convert these non-believers to the Catholic fold or to other denomination? Is it the evangelism explosion, lifestyle explosion, friendship evangelism or the servant evangelism? a. Evangelism Explosion If one chooses Evangelism Explosion, one experiences the concept of â€Å"spiritual multiplication†. In Evangelism Explosion, people are trained how to share their faith in Christ. This approach uses prayer, actual on-the-job training where the â€Å"experienced lead the inexperienced, and applies the principle of spiritual multiplication.† The EE is a continuous process wherein it is not only winning people to the Lord on a one on one process but training those who have been won to the Lord to win and train others. EE is like being on a n real life work experience as one is expected to have an â€Å"on the job training† wherein non believers are invited to go with experienced trainers and be able to witness situations wherein people learn how to share their faith. EE based their mission strategy on Jesus’ own strategy wherein He trained 12 disciples and taught them how to train others and so on, thus the theory of spiritual multiplicity started. 3 The advantage of this approach is that EE believes that by learning small parts of the Gospel each week, including Bible verses and illustrations, people will have a hold of the Gospel tool that will eventually become its lifelong mission The difficulty I see in this approach is in doing the outreach or getting to the people one wants to convince. Often enough, non believers are steadfast in their attitude and do not welcome evangelists in their home or area. I relate this from my own experience from a group of foreign evangelists who knocked on my door one day wanting to talk to me about the gospel and Christian Faith. I did not let them in, first because I could not readily understood the way they communicate, second, I was so busy with something else at that time. So they just left me with some literatures about religion that I could read later on. So here, communication, time and attitude are the concerned problems so that it will take time and patience to be able to teach people