Learning in SChool

Throughout all my school years there have been many different teachers that have Impacted my life. But there has been one that has truly changed so much of me today, Professor Duran. When I use to think of the term favorite for a teacher I would see it on a teacher who is easy and does not give a work load, but now its different. A favorite teacher to me is someone who cares for their students and makes their greatest effort to teach you what they know even if it requires true dedication from the students side.Professor Duran was a teacher who wanted her students to see the importance of he unjustly ways society is; well at least in English IA. Am sure she would have wanted us to learn much more but within Just one semester was too much to squeeze In. She is a very unique teacher than what I have ever encountered, there has been professors who really do care about their students and advice them but there is teachers like Duran who can get deeper than your soul.The way she taught and she demolished every single piece of critical thinking within us was what really taught me to see things different. She opened up my eyes to not only see the obvious but also more beyond the surface. I came out of professor Durance's class a whole totally different person who looked at society much more distinct. Maybe she did make us put in more effort than what we were to enforcing in every assignment. Onto know how but this taught me to see everything In a positive way, to wake up every day In the morning with a where I envision myself five years from now. How everyday I am a step closer to where I want to be even if its frustrating, or overwhelming but I have to fight through it. It wasn't the way she taught that made me love her style but the way she put her heart In every single day to teach us. That Is what makes a great teacher, a person who can every day come to class and pour her soul into teaching, who truly cares about her students.Professor Duran has a heart of real, tr ue loving person. Learning in SChool By Jimenez impacted my life. But there has been one that has truly changed so much of me squeeze in. She is a very unique teacher than what I have ever encountered, there assignment. I don't know how but this taught me to see everything in a positive way, to wake up every day in the morning with a where I envision myself five years from heart in every single day to teach us. That is what makes a great teacher, a person

Homo economicus in Robinson Crusoe Essay

Daniel Defoe’ Robinson Crusoe takes an important place in the history of the English novel, because it was the first time that a continuous prose narrative had been written with the specific aim of creating the illusion of day-to-day living. Robinson Crusoe is very much a product of his age, the individualistic-minded eighteenth century.   The Economic Individualism in Robison Crusoe illustrates the attitudes of a eighteenth century British citizen. Daniel Defoe presents Robison Crusoe as a merchant of the eighteenth century who was going to his Brazilian plantations, when his ship was wrecked and he was the only survivor in an island that he called â€Å"the island of Despair†. Crusoe faced innumerable difficulties. For fifteen years he struggles alone to build a comfortable house, to grow crops and raise goats, to make clothes and tools, and, most difficult of all, to fight off loneliness and despair. We can notice that Defoe concentrates on Crusoe struggles with pr actical problems. Robison Crusoe is an illustration ofhomo economicus, that is, economic man that symbolizes the new outlook of individualism in its economic aspect. All Defoe’s heroes pursue money, and we can see this very clearly in Robinson Crusoe – the story begins Robinson Crusoe going to his Brazilian plantation, however his ship was wrecked and he was the only survivor in an island. And in this island, he regards the island primarily as a property to be developed for his own use. Moreover, we observe that the eighteenth century influenced Robinson Crusoe. He was a practical man. Likewise, we notice that he did not want to adapt himself to the wild environment. He tried to adapt the environment reproducing everything according to his society, in other words, he was influenced by the social and economic organization of the place that he used to live. When Robinson Crusoe started to look for a place in the island, in order to build a house, we can realize that he wanted to represent his life in England in the island. As the time passed by, Crusoe began to set his routine, that is, he organized himself and established time to sle ep, to work, to eat, and every else. This attitude shows that the average individual economic life under division of labor as interesting of inspiring. The elements of the individualism, showing in Robinson Crusoe, Defoe represents exactly the kind of attitudes, which were eventually to make Britain the richest country in the world and lead it to establish a vast empire, and illustrates the attitudes of a eighteenth century British citizen.

The Course Of Entrepreneurship.Self Reflection Essay

The Course Of Entrepreneurship.Self Reflection - Essay Example In an academic field of study, the student is constantly involved in a learning process. The process of academic education allows individuals to constantly come across new skills and techniques and this learning enhance and polish the respective skills and techniques for the individual. This report discusses on the reflection I have while I was developing the plan for a new venture from the perspective of an entrepreneur. This was a group project and all the group members had certain roles and duties to fulfill for accomplishing the desired task. Throughout the project I came across different course contents that allowed me to relate things to real life and hence this project was a good learning experience for me as well as my group members. This project helped me to develop a good insight about the professional business world and how entrepreneurs need to deal with the various business circumstances they come across in their daily business activities. Summary of New Learning The ent repreneurship module allowed me to gain hands on knowledge and skills regarding the theories involved in the area of entrepreneurship as well as the practical applications required for entrepreneurship and initiating new business ventures in the business world. This course allowed me to understand that the requirements of becoming a successful entrepreneur and it also requires the individual to possess certain intellectual and physical skills along with have strong emotional skills so that the new business can be initiated in a successful manner. After learning about the importance of emotional skills, I developed a mindset that I need to work upon improving my emotional and social skills so that this helps me to become a successful entrepreneur. The course gave me a deep insight regarding the activities of an entrepreneur and also allowed me to understand the importance of the small and businesses that are operating in the country. The support that these small and medium businesses give to the economy is really remarkable to know and understand. Each and every business, be it small or big, plays a vital role towards the economy of any country, hence all entrepreneurs need to start up businesses for which there is a demand in the economy. I was able to evaluate my skills and abilities at the end of the course and planned out on the areas on which I need to improve for my future professional career. Entrepreneurship Skills, Knowledge, and Abilities This course taught me the various entrepreneurship skills that are possessed by entrepreneurs. Starting up new businesses by an entrepreneur can be a very challenging task. The entrepreneur needs to carefully devise the business plan and also allocate resources accordingly. Businesses require investments, while starting up the business the entrepreneur needs to analyse the investments available so that the business strategies can be planned accordingly. Financial aspect of any business is a very crucial part that nee ds to be given a strong consideration by all entrepreneurs. By analysing the financial position of the business the future decisions can be taken as businesses that are low on investments cannot implement financial strategies to a large extent on the firm. I am not that good in numbers therefore after learning about the importance of finance for entrepreneurs; I will be working towards my financial subjects. Keeping a strong and check and balance are also important for entrepreneurs as they can plan business expansion and diversion based upon their level of profitability with the business. Targeting new market segments also requires good investments and financial stability

Not yet chosen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Not yet chosen - Essay Example She also argues that a person can be Utilitarian in his beliefs, reflecting the loving saint or a Kantian who on the other hand manifests the rational saint. In addition, the writer displays to the view of the readers several real-life examples of what may be considered as saints. The argument of Wolf is valid because she did not simply make a conclusion but took one which could really make her readers reconsider their perceptions about moral saints. She validates her argument by defining what a moral saint is and further expounds by dissecting what loving and rational saints are. Then, she lets her readers take a look on the lives of people such as Katharine Hepburn, Paul Newman, Natasha Rostov and Lambert Strether, people who are known for some characteristics which may not all be morally regarded but at the same time not considered immoral as well. She suggests that people choose to appreciate them and become like them as compared to the morally perfect characters. This is because she says that when one turns his eyes â€Å"toward lives that are dominated by explicitly moral commitments, one finds one’s self relived at the discovery of idiosyncrasies or eccentricities not quite in line with the picture of moral

The Passion of the Christ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Passion of the Christ - Essay Example His sufferings then start from henceforth with the soldier spitting on him and physically hitting him, his disciples abandoned him with Peter, who swore beforehand never to leave Jesus, denying him three times as Jesus has prophesied. In the chaos that was happening, Judas hung himself after attempting to return the thirty pieces of silver the Sanhedrin gave him in exchange to betraying his master, which was not accepted. When Jesus was brought to Pontius Pilate, the crowd cried for him to be crucified and Pilate was left to no choice but to wash his hands and give Jesus to the hands of his accusers. The drama of Jesus’ flogging, with all the sweat and blood mixing as he parades with his cross to the mountain of Golgotha along with the soldiers and other prisoners were witnessed not only by the common people but by his disciples as well and Jesus’ family particularly his mother, Mary. During his crucifixion, the soldiers witnessed the miracle that happened as the earth quaked and the release of both water and blood as one soldier struck Jesus’ side to make sure he was already dead. In the temple, the priests felt the quake as well and witnessed the destruction of the curtain separating the holy place from the most holy place. The story ends with the resurrection of Jesus, with the hole on his hand proving his identity. The movie pictures Jesus who is similar to any other man who was able to feel pain, vulnerable to the harsh realities of this world like betrayal, outrage and temptations. When he was praying in the garden, Satan was depicted as a man in a black hood with a pet snake who has been torturing Jesus by questioning his ability to save the world and like anyone else, Jesus had the tendency to yield to temptation as it was presented when he said, â€Å"If it is possible, let this Chalice pass from me.† This shows to the modern man that as Jesus was able to avoid sinning by giving in to temptation, the same is true with anyone . An individual may always choose to avoid sinning by being strong when being tempted or be weak enough and succumb to temptation. However, Jesus also with his words showed that man can avoid succumbing to temptation if he yields to the will of God as he said â€Å"Let you will be done.† Jesus is also portrayed as a meek lamb brought to the slaughter as the Bible says, having no objections to the soldiers or high priest about what he is being accused of. Jesus could have had always been able to defend himself, with Pontius Pilate able to see and understand that his accusers brought Jesus to his presence because of jealousy, it would have been easy for Jesus to justify himself. Still, he did not fight back instead, he let the high priest succeed in his desire of getting Jesus hung on the cross, treated like an evil criminal, flogged and spat on yet without retaliation. The Jesus story portrayed in the film is a very moving story which is directed not only to those who believe in Jesus but also to those who do not believe because of ignorance. At some angle, the movie acts as an educational means to proclaim the reality behind the passion of Jesus, why he came to die and what sort of manner he died. This has been a great contribution to understanding and imagining the hardships Jesus had gone through only to save humanity from their sins. I believe seeing the movie which has courageously shown the brutality of the

BFS 3430-09D, PRINCIPLES OF FIRE BEHAVIOR (BFS3430-09D) Essay

BFS 3430-09D, PRINCIPLES OF FIRE BEHAVIOR (BFS3430-09D) - Essay Example Fire research is conducted because the authorities of United States must be willing to analyze the impacts of the measures that are taken in order to handle any fire related situations. The fire researches are conducted in order to check the efficacy of fire department in reducing any threats of fire outbreak. In addition, the authorities are also interested to know and assess whether any further measures and advancements are required to cope the issue of fire outbreak or not. Fire researches are also there because the USFA wants to know the precautionary steps that are taken by people in order to construct any buildings. The buildings must be constructed by considering the risk of fire outbreak and there must be sufficient measures for safety of lives. Therefore, it is quite clear that fire research in the United States is conducted in order to gain awareness about the authenticity of present developments related to fire handling and to assess the effectiveness of fire department in resolving any fire related situation. The fire researches are also there to make the performance of fire department better. Walton, William D., Bryner, Nelson and Jason, Nora H. (Ed.) (2000). Fire Research Needs Workshop Proceedings. Gaithersburg: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Accessed on 20th June 2009 from

Discuss the various reactions that the Choragos and Chorus undergo Essay

Discuss the various reactions that the Choragos and Chorus undergo throughout the play at various key points in Oedipus Rex - Essay Example Character development through the first part of the play allows the writer to introduce desired qualities and attributed related to the role played by that character later. In this case, it makes it easier to develop and maintain a given theme within the major sections of the tragedy. Oedipus Rex Play comprise of categorized characters each assuming an inherent role in depicting an actual ancient Greek society. In this context, one character in the play is Chorus, also commonly referred to as Choragus in plural. Within the play, Chorus refers to a group of elders representing the voice of society in general. In the event of response and reactions, Chorus addresses the theatre as an individual. However, the voice of that individual incorporates responses of all the other elders making up that team. Chorus acts as the judge or a third party reflecting on developments taking place within the play (Ley 12). The group questions the moral and philosophical inclination of other characters i n the play. In addition, the group advice kings and other leaders in authority during decision making process. Chorus possesses theatrical freedom since their role as a group can operate both within and outside the plot’s boundaries. ... As stated earlier, Sophocles develops distinct character traits at the beginning of the play. The tragedy adopts and maintains these developed characters in creating defined and sustainable themes throughout the plot development. With respect to Chorus, the group reacts to plot subjects in an almost consistent manner. As representatives of the larger society, Chorus inclines their objective responses to desires of peace and stability within the subject society. Chorus vehemently disapproves actions of Antigone’s brother in their struggle for leadership positions. Within the first section of the play, Chorus reactions support Antigone’s actions and decisions. Creon, who was the King as this part of the play, gave a decree preventing any member of the kingdom from staging a burial ceremony for Polynices. According to the king, Polynices proved their disloyalty and betrayed the empire; hence does not deserve respect even at burial (Sophocles 201). At this section, Chorus r eacts to Creon’s decree by insinuating that the new king plans to abuse power. The group of elders emphasize on the importance of respecting the law of the land and those of gods by leaders. At the beginning, Chorus praises Creon and the Greek people at large on the manner in which man can achieve desired goals through concerted efforts. The group illustrates man’s ability by describing the manner in which Greek men tamed horses, snared birds and cross vast seas during winter (Sophocles 36). However, the tone of their ode changes towards the end of this first part. Chorus reacts by insinuating that man can misuse power in a manner likely to compromise law of gods and that of the

What Motivates Students from Sierra Leone to Choose to Study in the UK Essay

What Motivates Students from Sierra Leone to Choose to Study in the UK - Essay Example This essay declares that the British cultural affinity is the fundamental factor why students choose the United Kingdom as the overseas education destination. In a way, it bred other factors such as cultural, political and economic factors considering the period of colonialism. This paper stresses that political motivation is one of the primary reasons of the first wave of Sierra Leone students to study in UK. As growing desire for freedom permeated, studying in UK was seen as a tool to advance Sierra Leone’s cause. David Killingray documented this fact citing that students and their organizations played an important role in the anti-colonial struggle. The British tolerance on conflicting views and ideologies provided an environment for Sierra Leone students during their stay that contributed to their development. In effect, Britain and its freewheeling system and liberal educational institutions became training grounds for future political leaders of Sierra Leone. For instance, the current President of the country, Alhaji Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, was educated in the UK. He took his higher education at the Cardiff College of Technology and Commerce and his Bachelor’s degree in Economics at the University College Aberystwyth, Wales back in 1959. The UK’s Council of Validating Universities refer to these franchising agreements as where â€Å"a degree awarding body judges a programme of study offered in another institution overseas to be appropriate to lead to a qualification of that degree awarding body.

Assignment2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Assignment2 - Essay Example Glossary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 Images Image 1: The Waikato River System†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Image 2: The Waikato River passing through Hamilton City†¦..5 Abstract The government of New Zealand has made it known that it intends to sell Mighty River Power together with some other assets; Mighty River Power is the sole proprietor of the Waikato River Hydro scheme which makes use of waters of the Waikato river water to generate hydroelectric power. A number of Maori organizations have indicated that they are against the sale because they believe they should have a say on the usage of the waters of river Waikato, and through the sale they will not be able to put this claim to the test. This issue has resulted in a nationwide debate regarding the ownership of the river’s waters, and is therefore worth discussing an d writing about. The Treaty of Waitangi, an agreement between the Maori tribes of New Zealand and the Britain’s colonial government, was signed in 1840 after much deliberation by the Queen and a growing concern for the welfare of New Zealand’s indigenous peoples (Orange 1987, pg.32). The Resource Management Act (RMA) was an act of parliament that was passed in 1991 for the primary purpose of stipulating how New Zealand’s natural resources should be managed, and the principles of the Treaty are regarded as the guiding framework of the Treaty of Waitangi. ... At the end of this report, this question should be solved and more clarity should be achieved with regards to this issue. 1. Introduction The Treaty of Waitangi is often viewed as the founding document of the country that is now known as New Zealand (Calman 2003, pg.30). Since its signing in 1840, it has played a very influential role in shaping the country, how its resources are managed and its relation to its indigenous peoples (in this case the Maori). Over years, there have been disagreements between the New Zealand government over the management of resources that the Maori people consider â€Å"theirs†. Most recently, the Crown’s intention to sell Mighty River Power has drawn criticism, outrage and uproar from various groups representing the Maori people. The purpose of this report is to discuss, examine and evaluate the Treaty, the RMA and the principles and to come up with a sensible and practical conclusion on the issue at hand. These three aspects are very impo rtant to the final outcome since they explain where all this is coming from and how it can be resolved. The significance of this report is that it will finally decide how to move forward in this whole conundrum; it will look at both parties’ claims and address them in a sound manner and finally put the matter to bed. This report will cover events and aspects dating from 1840 to the current and most recent controversy pitting the government of New Zealand and the Maori people. As a result, whatever conclusion is reached will be arrived at after a lot of factors are studied and examined exhaustively. Limitations to this study might be that so many changes have occurred since 1840, and yet everything in between must be looked into; the

OSHA and the Automotive Workplace Essay Example for Free

OSHA and the Automotive Workplace Essay There are materials used in the automotive industry that are considered highly combustible and can easily catch fire once exposed to such element. Proper handling should be studied well and implemented depending upon the flammability of the material. On the contrary, mishandling of these substances will present risks to people’s lives and assets’ damages. There are classifications made by the concerned agencies with respect to the types of handling risks. A certain department in the United States regulated the shipping procedures of these highly flammable materials. Fire department directive allows containers up to 227 litres for material classes that are considered as explosives. These solvent containers are made up of metals intended for transport of these substances. For highly volatile and flammable materials, tight enclosures are applied to prevent leaks. Proper specifications are set by the concerned department including the maximum allowable amount for every container and other specified parameters. After filling up the containers, proper labeling is the next step. Labeling should include the name of the substance inside the container and the class level of the material to be transported. Safety reminders and other precautionary signs should also be included in labeling the vessel of such highly flammable materials. Conditions of the materials that might cooperate seriously with combustible and flammable liquids must be store separately from them. In particular, oxidizing subsances must be stored independently with other less hazardous to people. What’s more important to every engineer is that planning to build their career working on this line of business. Accidents are unavoidable but less regulated system in dealing with carriages of very sensitive substnaces would attract more of that. Risks can be avoided when all the rules and policies were followed thoroughly. By then, standardized approach can be done in handling highly flammable materials and substances.

People Management At Pepsi Co

People Management At Pepsi Co There is an international company PepsiCo. PepsiCo, Inc. is one of the worlds top consumer product companies with many of the worlds most important and valuable trademarks. Its Pepsi-Cola Company division is the second largest soft drink business in the world, with a 21 percent share of the carbonated soft drink market worldwide and 29 percent in the United States. Three of its brands-Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, and Diet Pepsiare among the top ten soft drinks in the U.S. market (www.pepsico.co.uk). This assignment will enable me to get the knowledge about the organisational structure of PepsiCo company whereas I came to know briefly about the organisation culture. This assignment will explain the style required by the leader and the benefits of flexible a working environment. Some people management strategies will also be discussed in the assignment. About the Organisation Task 1.1 Explain how organisational structure impacts on people in the organisation Organisation structure the organization structure means the manner in the line of authority, role and responsibility are delegated. The organisation structure of the company is represented by the organisation chart which shows the flow of command (Yadav 2009). There can be a horizontal line of command and can be vertical. There is a flat structure of organisation in which the flow of command is horizontal, and one is tall in which the flow of command is vertical. Some companies also use functional in which the company make a different department in the organisation according to functional areas. That is called a functional structure. Some organisations use a mixed organisational structure mixing two types of the above organisational structures. The functional organisational structure is very important and effective because the organisation can focus work according to their departments (www.wordpress.com). http://sameh.files.wordpress.com/2006/05/Organization%20Structure2.jpg Source www.pepsico.co.uk This is a mixed organisation structure and in this structure the seniors order the juniors in separate departments for different functions. This is the organisational structure utilised at PepsiCo. In this organisation there are many different departments according to the function such as marketing, human resource and it is an ideal structure for this organisation (www.wordpress.com). Impact of the organisational structure The organizational structure explains the direction of the flow of authority and delegated responsibilities in the organisation. It explains how the people need to perform their duties and who will be responsible for which task. The organization structure is very important. Task 1.2 Explain how the organisational culture impacts the people in the organization According to Yadav (2009) organizational culture is a common perception held by the organizations members; a system of shared meanings. It is a set of key characteristics that organization values. There are seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization culture. Innovation and risk taking, Attention to detail, Outcome orientation, People orientation, Team orientation, Aggressiveness, Stability. Organizational (Corporate) Culture is a pattern of basic assumptions that are considered valid and that are taught to new members as the way to perceive, think, and feel in the organization. There are three levels of organization culture Artefacts Symbols of culture in the physical and social work environment. Values Espoused What members of an organization say they value. This means what are the norms followed by the people of the organization and enacted is the way in which people of the organization reflected the values and how individuals actually behave (SMU 2011). Assumptions Deeply held beliefs that guide behaviour and tell members of an organization how to perceive and think about things (Rao 2005) There are four types of organisational culture. Power culture Power is concentrated among a few with control spreading from the centre. In this type of culture the main person such as manger or director have the right to make the decision and other people have to follow those decisions (fds.oup.com). Role culture Authority is clearly designed in a clearly defined structure. The role culture is that type of culture in which the person has the right to take decision according to their position. No confusion occurs and there is no delay in the decision making (fds.oup.com). Task culture Teams are formed to solve particular problem with power deriving from expertise. In the task culture authority, authority is only provided for a particular task and only to the expert. When the task is completed the authority also finishes (fds.oup.com). Person culture All individuals believe themselves to be superior to the organisation. This suggests a group of like-minded individuals pursuing organisational goals (fds.oup.com). http://molc.mim.org.my/modules/MA1174_files/image001.gif Source fds.oup.com In this organisation there is a role culture because in the role culture the responsibilities are clearly delegated to the authorised person and there is no confusion in the distribution of power. In the role culture the right person gets the right authority. Impact of organisational culture The organizational culture helps the people in understanding how they need to behave with each other. It also describes the policies and procedure of the business which its people need to follow. Task 1.3 Analyse the impact of leadership style on the individual and team. There are four type of leadership styles. Autocratic leadership In this type of leadership the leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else. There is high degree of dependency on the leader and he can de-motivate and alienate staff. In this type of leadership the leaders dont take the advice from the rest of the employees. This type of leadership is good only when you have shortage of time and where decisions need to be made quickly and decisively. (www.sos.net). Democratic leadership In this type of leadership the leader takes suggestions from the employee to improve their decision making. But the final authority of decision making rests with what emphases is running throughout the organization. It may help in motivation where workers feel they own part of the firm. It may improve the sharing of ideas and experiences within the business. (www.sos.net). Laissez-faire leadership In this tape of leadership all responsibilities are shared by all employees. It can be highly motivational, as people have control over their working life. In this type of leadership everyone is free to make decision according to their position. By this type of leadership a company can avoid the delay in decision making and an effective decision can be taken (www.sos.net). Paternalistic The leader acts as a father figure s/he makes the decision but may consult. He believes in the need to support staff. Sometimes taking a decision on his own and sometimes discusses the problem with others. In this type of leadership employees feel secure like they have the security of their father (www.sos.net). This is an autocratic leadership style because senior people make the decisions and other lower level people have to follow those decisions (Steiner 1997). The TDM and ADC of the company make decision and the CE and salesmen have to follows those decisions. But that time they only take the feedback from the CES and salesmen just to make the decisions more effective but dont take their suggestion for decision making (www.pepsi.co.uk). If a leader acts as a democratic leader he can get better solution to his problems and better performance rather than autocratic leader. Task 1.4 Review the people management strategies used in the organisation PepsiCo a multinational beverage company has been chosen. However, for the purposes of this assignment only the London operations will be studied. This company has its mixed type of organisational structure. In this organisation there are many different departments according to the function such as marketing, human resources, therefore, it is an ideal structure for this organisation. In this organisation there is a role culture, the responsibilities are clearly delegated to the authorised personnel and there is no confusion in the distribution of power. To manage the people effectively it uses the autocratic leadership style in which all major decisions are taken from the top management (www.pepsico.co.uk). Task 1.5 Explain the benefits of a flexible working environment to an individual and organization. According to Rao (2005) Flexible working environment means the employees have right to move from one place to another and they can flexibility of time. If there will be flexibility in working environment than it will help in breaking the monotony of work and reduce the boringness at the work place. There are many benefits which a organisation can get from flexible working environment. Increase in productivity If the employee is able to work in a flexible work place then they will be happier and can give maximum output. Hence the productivity will increase. Time saving If the employees will have the flexibility of working from any place then they can work from their home and save the time of travelling from their home to work place (www.businessdictionary.com). New innovative ideas If the employees will be allowed to work in a flexible place then get ideas from people who will be around them, they can then get a better solution for any problem. Reduce stress If the employees will have the flexibility of time and work place then they need not to rush for work and they will have no pressure of reaching workplace on time. Task 1.6 Using motivational theories assess how the working environment impacts on the performance of employees. Motivation theories Every employee of the organisation need some motivation to work effectively. Company adopt many motivational factors to positively motivate the employees towards the company and work. (tutor2u 2011). Maslow Hierarchy theory Maslow has given the theory for the motivation of the employees. He explains how an employer can positively motivate his employees towards work and how an employer can get the maximum out of employees (Parsad 2009). According to Maslow there are six needs of the employees which should be fulfilled in a hierarchical order. If one of those needs are left than there will be no use of fulfilling the other needs (www.tutor2u.com). Physiological needs Every person has his own basic needs of food, clothes, and shelter and every employer should have responsibility to fulfil these basic needs. This is not the responsibility of the employer to provide food and shelter but employer should have to give that much salary that they can buy their basic needs things. In case of business application a company should provide lunch to employees (www.tutor2u.com). Safety Needs After the completion the physiological needs an employer should provide a safety work environment for its employees to work. If the employees dont feel safe in the work environment then they would be able to fully concentrate on their work. In the business a company should complete all the requirement of health and safety policy. If the physiological needs of the employees didnt satisfy then there is wastages of fulfilling other needs (www.tutor2u.com) Social needs Third most important every person want to social with other people and after the completion of first two needs every person has desire to meet with other people and make relations with other. Relationships such as friendships, romantic attachments and families help fulfil this need for companionship and acceptance, as does involvement in social, community or religious groups. In the case of business the social need is very important because company needs to socialise with customers and employee need to make friends to cheer up and remove their tensions (www.tutor2u.com). Self Esteem Needs After the first three needs have been satisfied, esteem needs becomes increasingly important. The self esteem need related to the self respect of the person and achievement (Parsad 2009). In the self esteem a person wants attention of other people towards him. There are two type of self esteem one is internal and other is external self esteem. (www.tutor2u.com). Self actualisation needs After completion of the above four need a person think about the wisdom and truth and a status of a person. In case of business an employer should give full opportunity to fulfil the career of his employees (www.pateo.com). If the working environment follow these hierarchy of need and satisfy them accordingly then the business can get maximum output out of its employees. http://www.pateo.com/images/maslowmaster4ts.gif Source www.pateo.com The second theory o motivation is Herzberg theory. In this theory there are two important factors one is for the motivation and another one is hygiene factor. Hygiene Factors these are those factors which satisfy the employees but they are not motivated. There are some factors such as salary, working condition, status, supervision are hygienic factors (www.valuebase.com). Motivation Factor The motivation factor for the employee is interest in job, achievement and recognition. These factors lead to the high performance of the employees. But the combination of both hygiene and motivation factor are important (www.valuebase.com). http://www.novabizz.com/NovaAce/Behavior/img/herzberg_factors.gif Source www.novabizz.com Task 1.7 Assess how an organisational ethical practices impact on the motivation level While carrying out its business operation every business needs to consider ethical issue. These ethical practices ensure the employees and the customers that the business will not commit any wrongful act (www.mediapost.com). Social and the moral value will be considered carefully. Some of the ethical practices are as follow The business will not knowingly injure any of its employees or customer (Steiner 1997). The business will not interfere in the personal life of its employees and customers. It will respect all kinds of religion, customs and traditions. All the products made by the business will be safe for its customers Good working environment will be providing by the business for its employees etc. All the ethical practice impact on the motivation level of the employees because if the employees will come to know about the good ethical practice used by the business then they will be ensured about the safety of their life and they can fully concentrate on their work. This will result for the good performance of their employees. The PepsiCo Company also use ethical practices and all the products delivered by the business are well packed and hygienic (www.pepsico.co.uk). Task 1.8 Evaluate how the organisation use its corporate social responsibilities agenda to motivate employees. The corporate social responsibility means all the efforts done by the company to build the positive image in the mind of the customers. To make the good image in the mind of customers the business need to manage quality in two aspects such as in respect of process and people. If both are things are doing well the business can be success in the competitive market (www.mallnbaker.com). In this the business makes the good relation with its customers to build the good image in the market. This makes the customers more loyal towards the company and help in increasing the employees commitment toward satisfaction of customers. Hence towards the achievement of the organisational goal (SMU 2011). The Workforce Task 2.1 Explain how the personal difference impact on the individual behavious and work If the individual will have personal difference then they cannot work comfortably with each other. The individual will face many problems and hence their work will be affected by the personal differences Lack of coordination A company cant success without coordination must have among the group member. A company lose their balance without coordination so everyone will do work according their wish. Hence they wouldnt be able to achieve the common goal (Yadav 2009). Lack of communication communication is the most important thing in a company if their lack of communication among the team member this result to the repetition and if some time the people among the group member does not communicate proper it can result adverse effect on the perform acting which they are doing. No trust and respect for each other if a company member dont do believe on each other they cant do work properly. Trust must have in all employs if the no among the group member a company cannot running success fully. Lack of self motivation if any group member motivated then he can motivated the other person of the group who dont have the abilities of getting self motivated so self motivation is the most important thing in a company if they have lack of self motivation company cannot success (www.reliablesurvey.com). Lack of Commitment for work and each other If will be personal difference then there will be lack of commitment- sometimes groups do not work according to the commitment they did, like they do not complete their task on time, do not take interest in the work etc Task 2.2 Analyse management style needed to deal with differences and individual behaviour. There are many types of management style such as autocratic styles in which the managers himself take all the decisions and ask his subordinates to follow his decisions whereas in the democratic style the manager ask his subordinates view while taking new decision. On the other hand the lazes fair the manger let his subordinate to take all the decision on their own (Steiner 1997). The autocratic leadership style will be helpful in dealing with the individual difference because in this style all the decisions will be taken by the manager. If the manager adopt the lazes fair style then there are chances of conflict among the employees and decision making can be delayed. The style of leadership has been chosen according to the nature of the business and decision need to be taken (www.sos.net). Task 2.3 Explain how motivation theories can be applied to develop performance in organisation According to Parsad (2009) every employees need motivation without motivation every employee can give average performance but to get the good performance motivation is required. There are many types of motivational theories such as Maslow need theory, X and Y theory etc. Every theory explain the different method of motivation to employees but there is one thing common that employees need motivation. There are many motivational techniques which help in the improving the quality of the performance of the employees. Incentives If I will get the incentives for the good performance then it act as a motivational factor because incentives are monetary benefits. If I will get the incentives then there are chances of good performance of mine become high. I will perform better to get good incentive (www.streetdirectory.com). Rewards Rewards can also act as motivational factor for me because the rewards give the recognition in the society. Rewards mainly include the awards and praise in any of the function of the company. Fringe benefits If the company will provide me extra facilities such as pick drop facility, medical insurance etc. this will also motivate me to give the good performance and it also increase my commitment towards the company. Promotion If the company will promote me to higher position for my good performance then in future with the same expectation I will give the good performance (www.streetdirectory.com). These are some motivational techniques which help me in giving in the quality performance. Task 2.4 Explain the different use of coaching and monitoring in the organisation In any business organisation changes are implemented to make the business running successfully because there are many environmental factors which affect the business and sometimes their effect is uncontrollable (Rao 2005). So to cope up with those changes in external environment the business need to implement some changes in it but the implementation of those changes is not effective. The business needs to monitor the progress of the implemented change and the performance of the people because then only the business can come to know about of the change. There are many tools available to monitor the effect of change. Regular reports The business can use the regular reports to measure the performance of the change because with the help of regular reports from employees keep the business updated with the change status. These reports help the business to identify potential set-backs before they become a problem. With the help of these reports the business can check the regular status of the change. A checkpoint system A checkpoint system is also another tools to monitor the performance of the people because with the help of checklist the because in the checkpoints there are small goals are given to the employees with respect to change. The business checks the performance4 of the employees after the implementation of the change and according to the given goals (www.safariboks.com). Swot Analysis It can check it strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats before and after implementing the change. If is most the weakness and threats has been removed and all the strengths and opportunities has been utilised then it can say the change is good and if not then business need to review the change (www.safariboks.com). MBO (management by objectives) According to Parsad 2009 this is more like the check point system but both the slightly different. In the checkpoint system the goals are only for specific projects but in the MBO the management set the objectives for its employees but related to every task of the business and the business has to achieve those objectives. Similarly here the management check the performance of the employees with respect to the given objectives before and after implementing the change. Balance scorecard In this tools the business check the performance of the business in four areas such as finance, customers satisfaction, internal business process and learning and development of employees. This is also use before and after introducing the change (www.safariboks.com). To know the effectiveness of the business these monitoring coaching techniques are used. Task 2.5 Analyse the benefits of training and development to individual and organisation. Training and development help the organisation and individual to get familiar with the new trend and technology. It serves many benefits to the individual (Parsad 2009). Increase their knowledge The training and development help the individual to increase their knowledge about new technology and the latest trend in the market (www.mediapost.com). Build confidence It help in building the confidence of the employees because if they will have full information about any new trend then they can confidently work on new technology. Reduce accidents The training and development help in the reducing the chances of accident because before training about working new machine the employee can get injured. Better utilization of resources The proper training and development help the employee to effectively and efficiently utilize its resources. Save time and cost -If the employees will be give proper training about development of new product then they will make product with lesser wastage (www.mediapost.com). Task 2.6 Assess the impact of people management strategies used in the organisation With the help of the mixed organisation structure there is clear division of all the functional department of the organisation and people can work accordingly. There is no extra work load on the employees and clear and proper delegation of authorities and responsibilities (Gupta 2010). With the help of autocratic management style the company can avoid the conflict among the employee regarding the decision making because all the decision come from the top management and it can also avoid the delay in the decision making. The PepsiCo is a very big company and it need to take quick decision to keep its business running so this style has improve the decision making process of the business (www.pepsico.co.uk). Recommendation Task 3.1 Recommend the strategies to prom Recommendation In my opinion there should have the democratic leadership in this organisation. Senior post people should take the suggestion from the lower level people while taking the decision regarding the sales because the salesmen and the customer executives know the exact situation about the market and they can better tell the senior people that what would be good for increasing the sales of the products. Company should also give some right to the lower level people to make any decision because some time salesman also has to make decision according to the situation (www.sos.net). Conclusion Working on this assignment was a great experience and I acquired some new knowledge through this assignment. There is a mixed organisation structure is used in the above given organisation and role culture the help the business in proper delegation of authority and responsibility. Although the company does have a role culture which empowers staff to a certain level, I believe the autocratic style of the PepsiCos leadership style will make the full growth slow. As it is the front line staff who know the most about market conditions it would be good business sense for them to use a democratic style of leadership. With the democratic style being used PepsiCo could make more money through real staff empowerment. However, at the same time I do believe that some of autocratic leadership should remain because if any differences happen with staff the seniors can help in the decision-making process. The company would have many benefits by having flexible working environment.

Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood :: Free Essays Online

Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood. Research has been conducted on what type of children are the most at risk of being sexually abused. Childhood abuse has a greater chance of happening to children of certain backgrounds. One researcher states that "Child sexual abuse occurs more frequently in children from socially deprived and disorganized family backgrounds. Marital dysfunction, as evidenced by parental separation and domestic violence, is associated with higher risks of child sexual abuse" (Mullen 4). Mullen goes on to state that "The possibility has been raised that characteristics such as physical attractiveness, temperament, or physical maturity might increase the risks of children being sexually abused" (4). Many researchers link behavioral problems in adulthood to childhood abuse. One researcher says that "An adult who was sexually abused as a child has a greater chance of becoming violent, suicidal, and abusive to their children than an adult who was not abused sexually as a child" (Kliest 155). These characteristics could hinder a victim from living a normal lifestyle and having a family. Kliest also states, "Adults who were abused sexually as children will have a greater chance than those who were not of experiencing sexual dysfunction, such as flashbacks, difficulty in arousal, and phobic reactions to sexual intimacy" (156). Many researchers agree that childhood sexual abuse has a negative effect on an adult's personal relationships. Another researcher states, "A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) appears to have an adverse impact on the quality of adult intimate relationships, and they report avoiding the development of close adult relationships because of their fear of reject ion" (Whiffen 1103). Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood :: Free Essays Online Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adulthood Child abuse is a serious issue in today's society. Many people have been victims of child abuse. There are three forms of child abuse: physical, emotional, and sexual. Many researchers believe that sexual abuse is the most detremental of the three. A middle-aged adult who is feeling depressed will probably not relate it back to his childhood, but maybe he should. The short-term effects of childhood sexual abuse have been proven valid, but now the question is, do the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse affect middle-aged adults? Many contradicting views arise from the subject of childhood sexual abuse. Researchers and psychologists argue on this issue. Childhood sexual abuse has the potential to damage a child physically, emotionally, and behaviorally for the rest of his or her childhood, and the effects have been connected to lasting into middle-aged adulthood. Research has been conducted on what type of children are the most at risk of being sexually abused. Childhood abuse has a greater chance of happening to children of certain backgrounds. One researcher states that "Child sexual abuse occurs more frequently in children from socially deprived and disorganized family backgrounds. Marital dysfunction, as evidenced by parental separation and domestic violence, is associated with higher risks of child sexual abuse" (Mullen 4). Mullen goes on to state that "The possibility has been raised that characteristics such as physical attractiveness, temperament, or physical maturity might increase the risks of children being sexually abused" (4). Many researchers link behavioral problems in adulthood to childhood abuse. One researcher says that "An adult who was sexually abused as a child has a greater chance of becoming violent, suicidal, and abusive to their children than an adult who was not abused sexually as a child" (Kliest 155). These characteristics could hinder a victim from living a normal lifestyle and having a family. Kliest also states, "Adults who were abused sexually as children will have a greater chance than those who were not of experiencing sexual dysfunction, such as flashbacks, difficulty in arousal, and phobic reactions to sexual intimacy" (156). Many researchers agree that childhood sexual abuse has a negative effect on an adult's personal relationships. Another researcher states, "A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) appears to have an adverse impact on the quality of adult intimate relationships, and they report avoiding the development of close adult relationships because of their fear of reject ion" (Whiffen 1103).

How Thomas Hardy Presents Women in His Short Stories Essay -- essays r

How Hardy Presents Women in His Short Stories Thomas Hardy wrote about society in the mid 1800's and his tales have rural settings in the fictional name he gave to the South-West of England, Wessex. The short stories reflect this time and the author also demonstrates the class division in rural society - rich and poor - and the closeness of the communities. Almost everyone belonged to the 'labouring classes' and worked on the land. People of around 150 years ago were very superstitious and marriage was important. If a woman did not marry by a certain age she was thought of as a witch, or 'spinster'. Her only roles were to be faithful to her husband and to bear a son to become heir. The role of women was very different from today's society - it was world dominated and run by men. In the first of the three short stories, ?The Withered Arm?, Hardy writes of two women of different classes who are joined by one man. The first of the women is Rhoda Brook. She is a milking maid who is not within the milking circle. She is physically and metaphorically outside because she had an illegitimate son. Rhoda ?milked somewhat apart from the rest?. Having a child out of ?wedlock? was frowned upon, some people were publicly condemned in the 1800?s. She is the occasional subject of gossip and with being a single mum back then she would have been in a very difficult position. Hardy presents this well in his tales, as he shows Rhoda?s predicament. The father of Rhoda?s son, Farmer Lodge, was of a much higher status than herself. He would never have married a milk maid and does not face the same condemnation as Rhoda does. Rhoda?s previous lover, Farmer Lodge, is to marry a young woman as during a conversation between the mil... ... Milly is the most foolish of the girls as she believes every word Tony says to her, however this shows that she will do anything to gain a husband. In ?The Son?s Veto? Sophy is shown to be dominated by both her husband and her son. Decisions are mostly made for her giving Sophy little freedom in her own home. Her son denied her the opportunity to marry and be happy again as the man she was in love with was not a gentleman of class, which was all too embarrassing for him. Sophy is weak and feeble and dies a lonely and unhappy woman. In Thomas Hardy?s three short tales, the presentation of women is negative, however typical of the 1800?s. His stories show just how women lived in these times and how it was difficult. They received few opportunities and choices as most were made for them. Their main role in life was to be a good mother and a devoted wife.

The Yellow Wallpaper -- English Literature

The yellow wallpaper The Yellow Wall-Paper,† by Charlotte Gilman Perkins, can be read as a simple story of a young woman suffering from postpartum depression. Her husband is unsympathetic to her needs, her doctor refuses to acknowledge her serious illness, and her emotional state declines as a result of being forced to stay inside her room in the middle of her vacation with no company except the yellow wallpaper. But, on a deeper level, it is this room and the wallpaper that is pasted all over it that is symbolic and allows the narrator to materialize her depression and slowly decline into insanity. In the beginning of the story, the narrator describes herself as having â€Å"temporary nervous depression -- a slight hysterical tendency.† (169) The narrator is well aware of her condition, and it is apparent that she is also aware of what her condition may lead to. But, if it weren’t for certain imprisoning aspects of her environment, her condition might have never progressed to complete insanity. For example, the windows of the narrator’s room become a materialization of the world that squeezes her into the tiny jail of her own mind, and the wallpaper represents this state of that mind. The room was once used as a nursery, and thus its environment makes the narrator feel like a child, like a being who is taken less seriously than she should be. She is in a room where â€Å"the windows are barred for little children, and there are rings and things in the walls.† (170) The protective bars on the windows are symbolic of the protectiveness of her husband, John, and his well-meaning but ultimately unhelpful suggestions. The narrator is a prisoner in her place of rest, and her husband is but the jailer, watching over ... ...per as I did?† (180) She believes that by locking herself in her symbolic physical prison and tearing off the wall-paper that is symbolic of her mental state, she is releasing herself from all of the expectations of her husband and all the depression she felt throughout the story. The narrator’s physical environment and the symbolism it contained allowed her to materialize her depression and descend into insanity. It is clear that it is possible to view the wallpaper as a reflection of the narrators state of mind and the fact that she took on the character of the woman in the wallpaper to allow herself to break free of the ties that bound her. The confinement of the barred room and the disturbingly vivid wallpaper proved not only to be complimentary to the story, but also to foreshadow the narrator’s escape from depression into a new sphere of insanity.

Rapp Is Poetry Essay

Over the past several years, hip-hop’s/music standing has been tumbling. Criticizers of the genre often arguably point at the extreme cursing, degradation of women, and adoration of the â€Å"gangsta† lifestyle as major flaw in rap songwriting. However, it is important that these characteristics only describe a small section of hip-hop. Most rap songs are actually very poetic, as they feature the rhythms and verses, poetic devices, and themes that are crucial elements of traditional poetry. Many rappers use the rhythms and rhyme schemes that are characteristic of poetry in their songwriting. Today’s generation expresses of love, death, self-expression, personal, political, and social issues, poverty and riches, and life involvements. They entwine these thoughts artistically and creatively within strong rhythms and captivating tunes that capture the minds of the listener. The mind-set of today’s adolescence can be found within the lyrics of the music that they listen to. Both rappers and poets write about the same subjects. For example the rap unit NWA, and the poet Alice Walker, both talk about the topic of being from a compression race. Alice Walker writes in one of her poems that â€Å"there is no planet stranger than the one Im from†. What she is saying is that the world is strange because people judge others by their skin color. The method NWA takes is a more arrogant one, but still expressive. In one of there most notorious the songs â€Å"Fuck Tha Police†, NWA says † Young nigga got it bad cuz im brown, And not the other color so police think, they have the authority to kill a minority†. Another common subject between poets and rappers is â€Å"ghetto life†. Allot of African American rapper and poets come from a life of struggle that they channel into their writing and poetry. When it comes to poets and rappers, the biggest similarities are their appeal to transfer a message. The substance may different, but the need to enduce an emotional response is the same. It’s naturally focused by their view of the world or society and craving to show their point-of-view. There is repeatedly the use of metaphors in poetry and rap to express their message and some are written that allows readers or listeners to make their own analysis. Song and poetry, They both express emotions or a message in some way, And they both use a very similar method. The difference between rap and poetry is really just the message and the type off message. You will never here Shakespeare talking about â€Å"bitches and hoes† and you will never hear a song from Tupac about â€Å"comparing thee to a summers day†. So really, there is no difference between the two beside the content. At times music is viewed adversely because of the strong language and ideas. Nevertheless, there is a message fixed within that gives voice to the brilliances and troubles of the surrounding society and community in where we live. The musicians of today reproduce and repeat the works of famous legendary poets past and present mentioning on some of the same political and social issues that are still applicable today. Once these poetic pieces are researched and explored, any one can determine whether the message is relevant and effects change, good or bad, for the listener. Using poetic plans and litraure, one could create expressive and perceptive poetry that reflects their personal thoughts and thoughts and beliefs of their generation, which is what’s being done in todays music. This has been done perfectly by Accomplished Rappers such as Public Enemy, Lauren Hill, Queen Latifah and Tupac Shakur. Almost every rapper puts his soul into his work. They rap about their own original verses with their own style and they say it with passion that connects with audience. Most rappers freestyles and songs are unique, but some take lyrics from other artist so not all rap/hip hop is creative. Rap/Hip Hop is a Poetic art form that came up on new york street corners and ghettos, to what it is now. Most old school raps were just poetry with a beat behind it that gave it a flow. Just people Talking about their lives, poverties, loves, hobbies, and of course its evolved into just raw emotion and whatever was on their minds. Some people use it to write down their genuine secrets or desires, instead of just keeping them inside, or to let out some form of emotion like love for one another, love for a woman, anger, heartbreak, this showed who those people really are/ or who they want to be, dreams of being larger than life. To Some people poetry is an expression of a dream that is condensed in a method comprehensible and enjoyable to others and so likely to arouse close emotions. For others it’s a written expression of emotion or ideas in an arrangement of verses most often rhythmically. How can hip hop not be reflected as poetry? Beat, rhymes, metaphors, similes, economical use of language to get a point across. all poetic devices, all used in hip hop. Some of the famous poet Robert Burns most well loved poems were originally written as songs, but they’re still loved as poems. Every poem can be a good melody but every melody can not be a poetry. Song is built on the group of musical voices that would lead the auditors to forget the environments and even himself where the poem is based on the expressive letters and words, that would proceed information to the readers and is spread through educated people. Songs are worldwide that anybody can enjoy but poetry is bound to be for the educated. Most rap songs are actually very poetic, as they feature the rhythms and verses, poetic devices, and themes that are crucial elements of traditional poetry.

Philippines Country Sales

According to Yahoo Philippines Country Sales Director, Arlene Amarante http://thenewmedia.com/state-of-online-advertising-in-the-philippines-yahoo-phs-arlene-amarante/ that:â€Å"The online advertising industry here in the Philippines is in a state of rapid growth. While there is still much evangelization to do, the market players – both advertisers and advertising agencies – are now asking the more relevant questions unlike 3 years ago. They now start to ask: How do we start? How do I integrate online with my existing campaign? Can it work for a brand or industry like mine? How do I measure my success? These questions tell us that it is no longer about why advertisers should be online; it is about maximizing their advertising dollars and using online the right way.And, while online is still at a 26% penetration level, we see that the landscape is further paving the way for increased and rapid exponential growth – new broadband products, increased broadband pene tration, rise of internet mobile, rise of smart phones and the proliferation of low-priced PCs. Consumer behavior support the phenomenon. They are no longer dictated by traditional media alone; they immediately search for brands prior to a purchase. They are no longer looking for yesterdays’ news; they want to know what’s happening now. They are no longer waiting for brands to come and communicate to them; they are starting the conversations. Online advertising is now a powerful force that no one can no longer deny.†According to Mark Chaves, director of media intelligence solutions at SAS, http://www.studymode.com/essays/Local-Studies-1071666.html that:â€Å"Consumers are online right now talking about your products and services, their experiences, and their likes and dislikes. Smart marketers aren't just listening to online chatter; they are analyzing it to better focus resources and build engagement and loyalty,† â€Å"SAS Social Media Analytics helps m arketers combine data from online conversations with other data, such as a company's customer relationship management software, to build a more complete picture of each customer and then use these analytically-driven insights to predict and act,†Chaves added.According to LiveJournal,http://www.aijc.com.ph/survey_internet_access.pdf that:â€Å"The Philippines ranks seventh among the top 15 countries where blog hosting is popularly used. There are presently 39,274 Filipino bloggers under this hosting site.†LOCAL LITERATUREAccording to Josefina Estolas in the book Fundamentals of Research (1995) http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Literature-And-Studies-177904.html that:â€Å"In exploration, we find new techniques, new knowledge, even develop new substances, gadgets, equipment, processes or procedures, imagination and skill is employed by the researcher. The commodities, new devices, services, in technology are needs of man for a better fuller life which is the concern of the research. These useful arts are the products of the technological environment and the end-user is society in general†.According to Jeffrey A. Hofer on Modern System Analysis and Design (1996), http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Literature-And-Studies-177904.html that:â€Å"Science and technology are essential for national development and progress. The State shall give priority to research and development, invention, and their utilization, and to science and technology education according to the 1987 Philippine Constitution (Article XIV, Section 10).Since computer power  was the critical resource, efficiency of processing became the main goal. Emphasis was placed on automating existing process such as purchasing or paying, often within single department.† According to Abraham Silberschatz, Database System Concepts (1999) http://www.studymode.com/essays/Review-Of-Related-Literature-And-Studies-177904.html that:â€Å"A major purpose of a database system is to provide users with an abstract view of data. That is the system hides certain details of how the data are stored and maintained.†Foreign Studies According to Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-literature-review.php that:Attitude is defined as â€Å"a learned predisposition to respond in a consistently favourable or unfavourable manner with respect to a given object†. It is the mental and physical respond that involve beliefs, feelings, values and predisposition to act in certain ways.According to Davis (1989), http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-literature-review.php that:In the earlier studies, perceived usefulness is defined as â€Å"the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance†.According to Koufaris 2002, http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-literature-review.php that:Replaced the term â€Å"personal involvementà ¢â‚¬  into â€Å"product involvement†. In this research he used product involvement instead of personal involvement to point out the same concept and defined as â€Å"individual motivation regarding an object where that motivational state is activated by the relevance or importance of the object in question†.Foreign Literature According to Levy and Malaviya (1999) http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-literature-review.php that:Indicated that effectiveness of advertising is â€Å"persuasion does not rest within advertising messages per se and it depends on certain mental processes that as ad recipient invokes†. Generally, advertising effectiveness is described as being â€Å"a hierarchy of effects† (Vakratas and Amber, 1999). In the other word, changes of consumer perceptions by the information in the advertisement will lead to a change in their behaviors.According to Palanisamy and Wong (2003)http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-liter ature-review.phpthat:â€Å"When the consumer has a sense in what they believe is a quality price, quality of service, quality of interaction of the service and image of the business is explained as their expectation. When consumer expectations increase or decrease that effectiveness of advertising would change accordingly as this is a proportional relationship.†According to Tomsen and Faith (2003) http://www.ukessays.co.uk/essays/marketing/the-literature-review.php that:â€Å"Growing capabilities of interactive devices and fuel innovation set the consumer expectations. Consumer will develop new expectations about the new technology itself, services and network that support the technology. Acceleration of the development of the new technology and service providers is to fulfill the need of consumer shifting expectations. Likewise, evolution of technology is derived from the interactive consumer expectations. In this context, evolution of technology is seemed as evolution of i nternet advertising. Quality, reliability, convenience, attractive appearance and superior technology are the expectations of the consumers.†

Bollywood and Gender

Research Proposal Aim: To study and compare the role of women in some of the women centric Hindi films released between 1980 to 1990 and 2000 and 2010. Objective: To study the issues of gender, caste, development that were perceived in Indian cinema then and now in women centric films. A comparative study about the representation of women in Indian cinema then and now in women centric films. Scope: There are a numerous women centric films that are created in diverse languages around the world. When we focus even on one specific type, we get to know about the culture and thought process of that specific region. Also, a strong statement emerges out of the analysis which is a reflection of the prevailing ideologies in the society. This paper will be mark a statement on the thought process, beliefs of the people especially for the women. These beliefs systems and ideologies will be compared through women centric Bollywood movies that were released between 1980’s to 1990’s and 2000 to 2010. The scope can be extended to many women centric movies made in various languages other than Hindi. One can also include the earliest of the eras for a detailed comparison and in-depth study. Not only a comparison on the issues like gender and caste but also a comparison on other issues like lifestyle, costumes, movie posters etc can be done. Limitations: This paper is limited only to Bollywood films because of the language constraints. Also, only two decades have been chosen since the comparison and study would be possible with a limited number of films to study. Also, from each decade four women centric films are chosen and then studied thoroughly. Followed by is a detailed analysis of the movie based on the issues of Gender, caste, development, ideologies. Research Question: What is the difference in the representation of women portrayed earlier (1980-1990) and that which is shown now (2000-2010)? †¢ What are the factors that have affected the change in the representation of women in Hindi cinema esp. between the 1980- 1990 and 2000-2010? And how is the transition identified? †¢ Was the image of women shown in the movies of 1980-1990 stronger, bolder than tho se shown now (2000-2010)? Introduction: Confirming Aristotle’s view of art as an imitation of life, gender discrimination in the Hindi film industry does indeed reflect the bias that exists in Indian society. The gender ratio in India is heavily skewed in the favor of males (1. 08 male(s)/female) (from CIA’s publication). Thus, Indian moviegoers are presumed to be mostly men—roughly between the age of 15 to 34 years. These moviegoers, according to an all-India survey by a research organization, enjoy mindless comedies. Such thinking dominates cinematic expression in one of the world’s largest centers of film production. The Indian entertainment industry stands at $10 billion today and is expected to grow at 18 percent per annum compounded annually over the next two years (Economic Times). An average Indian spends approximately 4. 6 percent of disposable income on movie watching in theaters. And because issue-based films are not a favorite with the masses, a producer opts for subjects with more appeal so that he or she can recuperate the huge investments involved in film production. Even female filmmakers do not risk funding for their films by focusing on women-centric subjects. At New York’s iView Film Festival held in 2009, which explored gender and sexuality issues, filmmakers and actors on the panel were asked to comment on the presentation of social issues through Indian films. Zoya Akhtar, the filmmaker of  Luck By Chance (2009), and a panel member commented on the female protagonist in her film saying that, â€Å"The character could have been any; the fact that she is a woman is a coincidence. † But because the film ends up centering on the story of a woman, the director struggled for six years to make the film—apparently because numerous male actors turned down the costarring role. She had a difficult time despite her insider status in the industry as the daughter of renowned Indian scriptwriters, Javed Akhtar and the sister of an accomplished film director, actor, producer and singer, Farhan Akhtar. The absence of female centric scripts in main stream Hindi cinema is partially to be blamed because of its commercial viability. Also, commercially super-hit films like Jab We Met(2007) and Paa(2009) are termed as female centric films, but on observing closely, we realize that both the female characters in the end need their male counterpart to overcome their grief or are heavily relied on them to ensure a happy ending to their story. Hindi cinema is divided into ‘trends’ or ‘eras’. Starting from the silent ra in 1920s, Hindi cinema has evolved tremendously in terms of technique, story telling and the stories that were told. The period from late 1940s till 1960s is considered as the ‘Golden era’ of Indian cinema. Bollywood witnessed a new wave in form of content, where earlier movies focused mainly on mythological stories, after independence, their focus shifted on development issues (Do Bigha Zameen- in 1953), gender (Bandini-in 1963), caste di scrimination (Sujata-in 1959), etc. In the early years of Indian cinema, it was Bimal Roy who made a host of films in which his heroines had the lead part to play. Commercial cinema then had female centric scripts and Nutan, Meenakumari, Madhubala and Waheeda Rehman have portrayed some of the most powerful female characters in Hindi cinema and delivered super-hit films. The role played by Zeenat Amaan in the movie (Qurbani-in 1980) was much ahead of its time. It was bold and headstrong unlike of the characters that we seen in the movies of late 90’s. One of the outstabding commercial hits Seeta aur Geeta concentrated more on the heroines rather than the two heroes. Besides such mirrored plots, some movis have focused exclusively on the heroine and woven the script around a central female character. In such films, the woman has no prototype. Jaya Bhaduri’s Guddi was one of the early hits where the innocent girl next door image of a star struck teenager became representative of each school going girl for years to come. In other films like Aandhi, an educated wife changes course midway from a happily married woman to a leading politician. When we compare those films with the films produced during 1990s and later, we can see stark contrast in the way female leads were being portrayed. Not only in their portrayal of the character, but also in the way the content of the movie that was generated. At times or rather most of the times, they were meant to accomplishments to their male counterparts. Shridevi in Lamhe(1991), Madhuri Dixit in Hum Aapke Hain Koun-(1994), Karishma Kapoor in Dil to Paagal Hain-(1997), Fiza-(2000) ,Kajol in Dushman-(1998) and Aishwarya Rai in Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam-(1999), Taal-(1999) and Guzaarish-(2010) were some of the most popular leading ladies during this era. Though they were brilliant performers, they hardly were part of a movie where they were not shown adhered to the wishes of the male lead, society and family. It becomes mandatory to ultimately create an image of an ‘ideal’ girl/woman for the audience (here consumers) because that’s how our society works and secondly it becomes easy for that the idea to sell; hence increase in numbers and popularity. Films like â€Å"Dor† (2006), â€Å"Silsilay† (2005), â€Å"Tehzeeb† (2003), â€Å"Pinjar† (2003), â€Å"Chameli† (2003), â€Å"Satta† (2003), â€Å"Filhaal† (2002), â€Å"Zubeidaa† (2001) â€Å"Lajja† (2001), â€Å"Chandni Bar† (2001) and â€Å"Fiza† (2000) brought the woman into the spotlight – all these films got critical acclaim, but they didn't turn out to be a commercial hit. Surprisingly, in recent times, No One Killed Jessica was the only ‘women centric film’ that sort of worked at the box office. All said and done, it shows that we lack on ideas. We as audience are treading backward as we choose to accept only a specific image of woman being shown. Hence, I would focus on a comparative study of two different bollywood era. This will not only comment on the techniques and style of film making, but it will also comment on the kind of cinema accepted by the masses then and now. It will clearly showcase the image of a girl or a woman being shown by the film makers and its acceptance by the audience. It will talk about how issues of gender, caste, development were perceived in Indian cinema then and now. Hence, it will become a cultural comparative study of two different decades from Indian history and will help us understand that how the term ‘Indian Culture’ has evolved over a period of time. A Tentative Bibliography: †¢ Criticisicm and Truth by Roland Barthes |   | |Television commercials and rural women as audience in India by Ila Patel | | | | | |Ways of Seeing by John Berger | | | | | |About Looking by John Berger | | | | | |Women and Art contested Territory by ChicagoJudy | | | | | |Bollywood in Posters by Ausaja. S. M. M. | | | | | |A Thinking Eye by Paul Klee | | Reference Links: www. indianetzone. com www. indianlink. com www. altlawforum. org www. expressindia. com www. semionaut. com www. sebsteph. com www. slideshare. net Heta Vyas MAJ 0310

Foundations of the U.S. Federal Government Worksheet

Complete the chart below by identifying the three branches of government and their entities.U.S. ConstitutionTrue or False1. The Tenth Amendment limits the power of states. FALSE 2. The Constitution signed in 1787 contained the Bill of Rights. FALSE 3. The Constitution created a system of dual sovereignty, meaning the federal government has exclusive power in interstate commerce. True 4. The president and vice president are part of the legislative branch. FALSE 5. Congress can impose federal mandates, which require the state government to comply with its orders. True or FalseMultiple Choice6. The concept of dual federalism D: viewed federal and state power as fixedd. The Bill of Rights isC: the first 10 amendments to the Constitutione. The legislative branch is composed of which of the following:a. The House of Representatives and Senatef. The First Amendment of the Constitution regards which of the following:D: Freedom of religion, of speech, of the press, to assemble, and to petiti ong. The modern-day structure of categorical federal grants-in-aid came into being D: in the mid-1960sShort AnswerRespond to each question in 75 to 100 words.h. What are some of the historical events that shaped the formation of the U.S. federal government? Select one event you think had a major effect on the federal government. How does this event affect U.S. citizens today? A historical event would bei. Who were some of the early philosophical contributors to U.S. government? How did their ideas help shape the current government of the United States? Some early philosophical contributors were Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, that believed all men were created equal and jean-Jacques Rousseauj. Describe the historical role of the Supreme Court in federalism cases and the direction it has taken since 1990. The historical roles the Supreme Court took on federalism cases was changing the tenth amendment and revamping it so that it would be fair to all involved. It challenged both state and f ederal laws and eased out mixed signals and confusion brought on by the tenth amendment. Because of the Supreme Court, it reaffirmed laws such as limiting the Congress’s power over the interstate commerce and Gun Free Zones Act of 1990 that banned the possession of a firearm within feet of a school.k. What is the main function of the legislative branch? What role does the executive branch play in the formation of laws? Summarize how these two branches work together.The main function of the legislative branch is to pass laws and it also oversees the execution of these laws, while the executive branch main function is to execute laws created by Congress. The Executive branch is made up of the President and the Vice President and their main purpose is to execute the laws created by congress. The legislative branch is composed of the House of Representatives and the senate, these two make up Congress, who creates the laws.l. What is the role of the judicial branch? Who elects mem bers of this branch? Briefly describe the judicial process. The Judicial branch is made up of courts: the Supreme, Circuit, the magistrate, which is local, and Municipal (city) courts. This branch interprets the laws. State judges are elected by the citizens, rather than being appointed. Their duties include interpreting state laws, settling legal disputes, punishing violators of the law, hearing civil cases and protecting rights granted by the state constitution. They also determine the guilt and innocence of those accused of violating criminal laws of the state and they act as a check upon the legislative and executive branches of government.Short Essaym. In 250 to 300 words, define federalism and summarize its role relative to the current U.S. political climate.Federalism is a political system allows states united under a central government to maintain a measure of independence. This basically means that it allows each state to have their own set of laws but everyone follows the laws of the nation. There are certain things that can be done in Louisiana that are illegal in Texas. In some states it’s legal to have medicinal marijuana but not in Louisiana and in other states a man can be legally married to a man but in Louisiana their marriage is not considered legal. This among other things is made possible because of federalism

The Principal Object of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

The Principal Object of Management - Essay Example Most scholars have proposed different models of organization management as well as different models of choosing the model that best fits an organization. He is fast to note the interests of both the employer and employee are the same, and one cannot prosper without the other. Both the employer and the employee should train each individual to produce at his highest possible level of efficiency In his book, â€Å"The Sociology of Organization: Classical, Critical and Contemporary Reading, Handel, Michael (2003) provides a collection of several scholarly articles on Organizational Theories. I will examine some of the models in the collection, highlighting their weaknesses and their strengths. Weber, (2009, pg 50) classifies authority basing on the allegiance pledged by the subjects to their leaders. He identifies three types of authority. In Rational Authority, the subjects submit to authority by virtue of legal issues. They don’t have any intimate relational issues with the senior. This system is common in firms which have established themselves over time such that the subjects submit to the leader by virtue of submitting to the firm. A good example is in today’s modern states, whereby the citizens are not directly loyal to the president, or the government, but the legal system of the nation. Traditional authority, in its part, features subjects who submit to traditions surrounding the authority. For instance, the subjects of a kingdom pledge their allegiance to the king’s son simply because he is of a certain bloodline. He contrasts both of these to Charismatic Authority, in which subjects devote themselves to an individual based on her expertise an d exceptional character. He argues that the most superior form of administration in any organization is bureaucracy, which in its part implies individual domination by knowledge. This attributes to the precision of decision making,  clarity and consistency of knowledge.  

Is Venezuela a Rentier State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Is Venezuela a Rentier State - Essay Example The question of whether Venezuela derives significant portions of its economy from oil is without a doubt true; Corrales (2006) even characterized President Hugo Chavez as one of the world’s most powerful CEOs, in regards to his sale of oil to the United States. The Venezuelan government can also be seen to embody Rentier characteristics: Chavez has been successful in centralizing power through an elimination of intermediary government structures; he has allowed rampant crime to persist; and has allowed highly questionable election processes. While these actions can be seen to be highly indicative of a populace that ceases to intervene because of an abundance of oil money and reduced taxes, the reality of the situation is more complex. Indeed, it’s been argued that rather than Venezuela’s political structure being allowed by the citizens out of apathy in the face of reduced taxes, it has occurred because of a systematic effort on the part of Chavez to scare the c itizens into submissions and acceptance of more lax governmental standards. Corrales (pg. 9, 2006) compares this mentality to the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, â€Å"The more insecurity that citizens face—the closer they come to living in the brutish state of nature—the more they will welcome state power.† In this regard, it’s not the oil money that has influenced the populace, but the calculated manipulations on the part of Chavez and his regime that have trained the population into acceptance. When investigating the plausibility of democracy surviving in situations outside the United States, one must agree on what democracy means. If it is the communal rule of society through group consensus, as embodied in elected officials, protests, and free speech than Democratic rule is not only an element of Americanness, but a lynchpin of much of the European Union, as well as Australia, Israel, and Canada.

Marketing Decicion Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Decicion Making - Essay Example Effective market communication requires an integrated promotional system that reaches from primary producer to ultimate consumer. Communications flow to markets through long, complex channels that include manufacturers, retailers, wholesalers, consumers, agencies, and media. Each unit can break the chain or pass on the information as it sees fit. The amount and quality of information, therefore, depends on the channel. IMC's most fundamental and perhaps most challenging task is trying to reach people who can conceivably purchase a client's product. Allin (2009). explains marketing communications as "the process by which the marketer develops and presents an appropriate set of communications stimuli to a defined target audience with the intention of eliciting a desired set of responses" (p.37). Formal channels, however, do not account for all marketing communications. Publicity, which is an integral part of many promotional campaigns and sometimes precedes the advertising and sales effort, lies outside them. Although it can be important in gaining market acceptance for products and companies, publicity, like word of mouth, is often a relatively low-grade communications channel with a high degree of interference, distortion, and noise. Marketing communications serve four basic management purposes. ... Third, they help adjust the system to customer and consumer requirements. Fourth, they adjust and help in adjusting the product to customer needs. The task of marketing communications is to get people or markets to progress from a state of unawareness, or even negative reaction, to one of positive action. The stages in this progression are unawareness, awareness, comprehension, conviction, and action (Steve 2009). The theory of information is one that holds promise for the measurement of marketing communications. To date, its primary application is in electrical engineering. It deals with measuring the information content of a message, self-information, bits of information, entropy, the value of average information, loose channels, and noisy and noiseless channels. It provides operational definitions, measures, and a different basis for thinking about marketing communications. The idea of measuring the information content of stimuli, though particularly relevant, is not yet tractable, and the application of this part communications theory to practical marketing situations remains unattained. The careful financial review now being given to investments in plant and equipment or to inventory purchases is destined to be extended to advertising expenditures. Advertising messages are meeting increasing competition from a plethora of other ads, from other media, from competitors, and from all the act ivities that vie for a person's attention. As output swells and communications facilities increase, more claims will be made on consumer time and the cost of marketing communications will skyrocket (Ng and Houston 2009). Pros and cons: advertising. The advantage of advertising is

Increasing Female Participation in XYZ Sports Club Research Paper

Increasing Female Participation in XYZ Sports Club - Research Paper Example The social system tends to relate all benefits associated with sports to men. This setting has discouraged many women from engaging in sportive activities especially in male dominated societies. However, the recent trend indicates that women are increasingly participating in sports even those that were solely preserved for men. With this new promise, the purpose of this paper is to present the barriers preventing women from participating in sports and recommend the best ways reduce them in order to increase their participation in XYZ club activities. Barriers to women participating in sports Essentially, women are barred from participating in sports due to practical barriers such as lack of enough time, money, transport, as well as personal safety, funding, and access to facilities. Women have less time for leisure than men due to the greater burden of family roles such as housework and childcare. In fact, many American women are trying to balance family and worker roles, and thus ha ve no space for leisure time (Klein, 2004). Many women argue that the lack of money is a barrier to sport activities as they earn less than men. Sport is often seen as a luxury, or reward for paid work. Although many women are paid workers, the perception that men deserve such reward is still evident. Nonetheless, poor families may be unable to afford to pay sporting attire or equipment as well as investing in cub membership. Transport is also a major problem especially for mothers with children and women living in rural areas. These individuals rely on public transport which is sometimes unsafe, inconvenient, unreliable, and expensive. Safety within the sports venues is also a barrier to women as they fear sexual harassment as well as unwanted attention. Accessibility to sports is also a practical barrier for women to engage in sports as the system prioritize male sports and women cannot access the facility at their preferred times. Women also find it difficult to engage in sports due to individual or personal barriers such as body image, lack of confidence, clothing and equipment. According to Lynn (2002) the issue of body image affects all features of the society and research indicates that women report greater dissatisfaction in their body image than men. It is also noted that women are more self-conscious when participating in sports than men. Therefore, the more self-conscious the women feel about their body image, the lower the chances of participating in sports. While some sports equipment might be quite expensive, some sports clothing are pretty revealing to the disadvantage of the body image. There is enough evidence that women have less self-confidence when compared to men (Birch, 2005, p. 245). Societal expectations are for the man to show confidence while confidence in a woman would be seen as a deviation from the normal. Finally are discouraged from sportive activities due to social and cultural barriers such as the male-dominated culture of spor t, sexual abuse and harassment, as well attitudes and prejudices about sexuality, disability, and ethnicity. Male domination in sports has been a factor that turns women off sports as it feels strange with being feminine. The same domination has made sports women to be associated with uncouthly acts such as lesbianism refraining others from certain sports. Disabled women

Write a reflective learning journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Write a reflective learning journal - Essay Example Whilst the slowdown of last year can be expected to influence the luxury sales growth to raise upto 2.5% for the Chinese consumers, many insignificant players are however predicting the sales growth to increase by â€Å"double-digit rates†. Organizations have now decided to exploit this prevailing trend in China to the fullest and niche brand fashion, clothing and beauty retailers like Lane Crawford, Galeries Lafayette and 10 Corso Como have started running their outlets recently in the locations of the mainland China. The minor boutique brands are on the growing phase in both the e-commerce and the brick-and-mortar domains. The online outlets for individuality such as new social media websites and fashion blogs are reshaping the tastes of the Chinese consumers in the coming years and the retailers are presenting more personalized and special-edition products, as well as  Ã¢â‚¬Å"VIP  services†, to the Chinese market (Doran, 2014). These changes are the result of incr eased penetration of online shopping trends and enhanced visits of the Chinese customers to the foreign nations. Thus it can be stated that in the recent months, the changes in the taste and preference of the Chinese customers has affected the fashion and clothing trends of the population and as a result more and more foreign brands are entering the nation to serve those transformed fashion patterns. PETA  has recently acknowledged the fashion brands that are "kind to animals" in its 2nd yearly PETA-Approved Vegan Fashion Awards. The long time promoter  of cruelty-free fashion, Stella McCartney  is pleased to be counted among the â€Å"long-time the line-up†. The designer stated to Vogue, "PETA are always willing to put their necks on the line and always with a provocative sense of humor† (Miligan, 2014). McCartney is strictly against the usage of animal skin and fur in apparel designing. She herself never used animal skins in her accessory or clothing